Today we will look at the forms वैश्रवणम् mAs and रावण mVs from श्रीमद्वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् 3.48.21 and 3.48.22.

एवमुक्ता तु वैदेही क्रुद्धा संरक्तलोचना । अब्रवीत्परुषं वाक्यं रहिते राक्षसाधिपम् ।। ३-४८-२० ।।
कथं वैश्रवणं देवं सर्वभूतनमस्कृतम् । भ्रातरं व्यपदिश्य त्वमशुभं कर्तुमिच्छसि ।। ३-४८-२१ ।।
अवश्यं विनशिष्यन्ति सर्वे रावण राक्षसाः । येषां त्वं कर्कशो राजा दुर्बुद्धिरजितेन्द्रियः ।। ३-४८-२२ ।।

Gita Press translation “Enraged when spoken to as aforesaid, Sītā (a princess of the Videha territory) for her part with blood-red eyes addressed the following harsh words to Rāvaṇa (the suzerain lord of ogres) in that lonely place : – (20) “How after calling god Kubera (son of Viśravā), who is hailed by all gods, your (half-) brother, do you seek to perpetrate a foul deed ? (21) All ogres, O Rāvaṇa, will inevitably perish inasmuch as you – who are (so) hardhearted and evil-minded and have not been able to subdue your senses – are their ruler.(22)”

The above verses have previously appeared in the following post – विनशिष्यन्ति-3ap-लृँट्

विश्रवसोऽपत्यम् (पुमान्) = वैश्रवणः, रावणः – a (male) descendant of Viśravā. Note: वैश्रवणः can refer to either Kubera or Rāvaṇa, since both were sons of Viśravā. Here in the verses वैश्रवणः refers to Kubera.
In the verses, the विवक्षा for वैश्रवणम् is द्वितीया-एकवचनम्। And the विवक्षा for रावण is सम्बुद्धिः।

(1) विश्रवण/रवण ङस् + अण् । By 4-1-112 शिवादिभ्योऽण् – To denote the sense of अपत्यम् (descendant) the तद्धित: affix ‘अण्’ may be applied optionally following a syntactically related पदम् in which the सन्धिः operations have been performed, provided the पदम् ends in a sixth case affix and has ‘शिव’ etc (listed in the शिवादि-गण:) as its base.
Note: ‘विश्रवण’ and ‘रवण’ are listed in the शिवादि-गणः, implying that ‘विश्रवस्’ takes the substitution ‘विश्रवण’/’रवण’ when followed by the affix ‘अण्’ in the sense of अपत्यम् (descendant).
Note: First the सूत्रम् 4-1-83 प्राग्दीव्यतोऽण् prescribes the default affix ‘अण्’ which is over-ruled by the affix ‘इञ्’ (prescribed by the सूत्रम् 4-1-95 अत इञ्) and finally the सूत्रम् 4-1-112 शिवादिभ्योऽण् re-prescribes the affix ‘अण्’ because ‘विश्रवण’ and ‘रवण’ are specifically listed in the शिवादि-गण:।
Note: The अनुवृत्तिः of ‘गोत्रे’ from the सूत्रम् 4-1-98 गोत्रे कुञ्जादिभ्यश्च्फञ् does not come into this सूत्रम् 4-1-112. It stops at the prior सूत्रम् 4-1-111 भर्गात्‌ त्रैगर्ते।
As per the सूत्रम् 4-1-92 तस्यापत्यम् – Following a syntactically related पदम् in which the सन्धिः operations have been performed and which ends in a sixth case affix the तद्धिता: affixes already prescribed (by the prior rules 4-1-83 प्राग्दीव्यतोऽण् etc), as well as those that are going to be prescribed (by the following rules 4-1-95 अत इञ् etc), may be optionally applied to denote the sense of अपत्यम् (descendant.)

(2) विश्रवण/रवण ङस् + अ । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

Note: ‘विश्रवण/रवण ङस् + अ’ gets the designation प्रातिपदिकम्‌ by 1-2-46 कृत्तद्धितसमासाश्च। This allows 2-4-71 सुपो धातुप्रातिपदिकयोः to apply in the next step.

(3) विश्रवण/रवण + अ । By 2-4-71 सुपो धातुप्रातिपदिकयोः – A सुँप् affix takes a लुक् elision when it is a part of a धातुः or a प्रातिपदिकम्।

Note: The affix ‘अण्’ is a णित् (has the letter ‘ण्’ as इत्)। This allows 7-2-117 तद्धितेष्वचामादेः to apply in the next step.

(4) वैश्रवण/रावण + अ । By 7-2-117 तद्धितेष्वचामादेः – The first vowel among the vowels of a अङ्गम् which is followed by a तद्धित: affix (ref. 4-1-76 तद्धिताः) which is either a ञित् (has the letter ‘ञ्’ as a इत्) or a णित् (has the letter ‘ण्’ as a इत्) takes the वृद्धि: (ref. 1-1-1 वृद्धिरादैच्) substitute.

Note: The अङ्गम् ‘वैश्रवण/रावण’ gets the भ-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-4-18 यचि भम् which allows 6-4-148 यस्येति च to apply in the next step.

(5) वैश्रवण्/रावण् + अ । By 6-4-148 यस्येति च – When the letter ‘ई’ or a ‘तद्धित’ affix follows, the (ending) इ-वर्ण: (letter ‘इ’ or ‘ई’) or the (ending) अवर्ण: (letter ‘अ’ or ‘आ’) of the अङ्गम् with the भ-सञ्ज्ञा takes elision (लोपः)।

= वैश्रवण/रावण । The प्रातिपदिकम् ‘वैश्रवण’ as well as ‘रावण’ declines like राम-शब्दः।

The विवक्षा for वैश्रवणम् is द्वितीया-एकवचनम्।
(6a) वैश्रवण + अम् । By 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टाभ्याम्भिस्ङेभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप्‌।
Note: 1-3-4 न विभक्तौ तुस्माः prevents the ending letter ‘म्’ of the affix ‘अम्’ from getting इत्-सञ्ज्ञा।

(7a) वैश्रवणम् । By 6-1-107 अमि पूर्वः – In place of a preceding अक् letter and the following vowel (अच्) belonging to the affix ‘अम्’ there is a single substitute of that preceding अक् letter.

And the विवक्षा for रावण is सम्बुद्धिः।
Note: By 2-3-49 एकवचनं सम्बुद्धि: – The nominative singular affix (‘सुँ’) when used in a vocative form gets the designation सम्बुद्धि:।

(6b) (हे) रावण + सुँ । By 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टाभ्याम्भिस्ङेभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप्‌। By 2-3-47 सम्बोधने च – A first case affix (‘सुँ’, ‘औ’, ‘जस्’) is used to denote ‘address’ (in addition to the meaning of the nominal stem) also. Note: सम् (सम्मुखीकृत्य) बोधनम् (ज्ञापनम्) = सम्बोधनम्। सम्बोधनम् means drawing someone’s attention (to inform him/her of something.)

(7b) (हे) रावण + स् । अनुबन्ध-लोप: by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत् and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(8b) (हे) रावण । By 6-1-69 एङ्ह्रस्वात्‌ सम्बुद्धेः – Following a अङ्गम् ending in ‘एङ्’ (letter ‘ए’ or ‘ओ’) or a short vowel, a consonant is dropped if it belongs to a सम्बुद्धि: affix.

We can similarly derive the following –
१) ककुत्स्थस्यापत्यम् (पुमान्) = काकुत्स्थः (रामः) – a (male) descendant of (the king) Kakutstha. It refers to Śrī Rāma.

Today we will look at the form भौमः mNs from श्रीमद्भागवतम् 10.59.21.

शूलं भौमोऽच्युतं हन्तुमाददे वितथोद्यमः । तद्विसर्गात्पूर्वमेव नरकस्य शिरो हरिः । अपाहरद्गजस्थस्य चक्रेण क्षुरनेमिना ।। १०-५९-२१ ।।
सकुण्डलं चारुकिरीटभूषणं बभौ पृथिव्यां पतितं समुज्ज्वलत् । हाहेति साध्वित्यृषयः सुरेश्वरा माल्यैर्मुकुन्दं विकिरन्त ईडिरे ।। १०-५९-२२ ।।

श्रीधर-स्वामि-टीका –
गरुडे वितथोद्यमः सन् शूलं त्रिशूलमाददे धृतवान् ।। २१ ।। २२ ।।

Gita Press translation – His attempt having proved futile, Naraka (son of Mother Earth) picked up a pike with intent to strike at Śrī Kṛṣṇa. (But) before he could discharge it, Śrī Kṛṣṇa with his discus (Sudarśana), which was keen-edged as a razor, lopped up the head of Naraka, who rode on an elephant (21). Fallen on the ground, Naraka’s head, which was accompanied with a pair of ear-rings and adorned with a lovely diadem, shone most resplendent. “Oh, what a pity!” cried his people and “Bravo!” exclaimed the seers; while the chiefs of gods extolled Śrī Kṛṣṇa (the Bestower of Liberation,) covering Him with (a shower of) flowers (22).

The above verses have previously appeared in the following post – गजस्थस्य-mgs

भूमेरपत्यम् (पुमान्) = भौमः – a (male) descendant of Mother Earth. Here it refers to Naraka (son of Mother Earth).
Note: Depending on the context, भौमः could also refer to मङ्गलः (the planet Mars).
In the verses the विवक्षा is प्रथमा-एकवचनम्।

(1) भूमि ङस् + अण् । By 4-1-112 शिवादिभ्योऽण् – To denote the sense of अपत्यम् (descendant) the तद्धित: affix ‘अण्’ may be applied optionally following a syntactically related पदम् in which the सन्धिः operations have been performed, provided the पदम् ends in a sixth case affix and has ‘शिव’ etc (listed in the शिवादि-गण:) as its base.
Note: First the सूत्रम् 4-1-83 प्राग्दीव्यतोऽण् prescribes the default affix ‘अण्’ which is over-ruled by the affix ‘ढक्’ (prescribed by the सूत्रम् 4-1-120 स्त्रीभ्यो ढक्) and finally the सूत्रम् 4-1-112 शिवादिभ्योऽण् re-prescribes the affix ‘अण्’ because ‘भूमि’ is specifically listed in the शिवादि-गण:।
Note: The अनुवृत्तिः of ‘गोत्रे’ from the सूत्रम् 4-1-98 गोत्रे कुञ्जादिभ्यश्च्फञ् does not come into this सूत्रम् 4-1-112. It stops at the prior सूत्रम् 4-1-111 भर्गात्‌ त्रैगर्ते।
As per the सूत्रम् 4-1-92 तस्यापत्यम् – Following a syntactically related पदम् in which the सन्धिः operations have been performed and which ends in a sixth case affix the तद्धिता: affixes already prescribed (by the prior rules 4-1-83 प्राग्दीव्यतोऽण् etc), as well as those that are going to be prescribed (by the following rules 4-1-95 अत इञ् etc), may be optionally applied to denote the sense of अपत्यम् (descendant.)

(2) भूमि ङस् + अ । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

Note: ‘भूमि ङस् + अ’ gets the designation प्रातिपदिकम्‌ by 1-2-46 कृत्तद्धितसमासाश्च। This allows 2-4-71 सुपो धातुप्रातिपदिकयोः to apply in the next step.

(3) भूमि + अ । By 2-4-71 सुपो धातुप्रातिपदिकयोः – A सुँप् affix takes a लुक् elision when it is a part of a धातुः or a प्रातिपदिकम्।

Note: The affix ‘अण्’ is a णित् (has the letter ‘ण्’ as इत्)। This allows 7-2-117 तद्धितेष्वचामादेः to apply in the next step.

(4) भौमि + अ । By 7-2-117 तद्धितेष्वचामादेः – The first vowel among the vowels of a अङ्गम् which is followed by a तद्धित: affix (ref. 4-1-76 तद्धिताः) which is either a ञित् (has the letter ‘ञ्’ as a इत्) or a णित् (has the letter ‘ण्’ as a इत्) takes the वृद्धि: (ref. 1-1-1 वृद्धिरादैच्) substitute.

Note: The अङ्गम् ‘भौमि’ gets the भ-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-4-18 यचि भम् which allows 6-4-148 यस्येति च to apply in the next step.

(5) भौम् + अ । By 6-4-148 यस्येति च – When the letter ‘ई’ or a ‘तद्धित’ affix follows, the (ending) इ-वर्ण: (letter ‘इ’ or ‘ई’) or the (ending) अवर्ण: (letter ‘अ’ or ‘आ’) of the अङ्गम् with the भ-सञ्ज्ञा takes elision (लोपः)।

= भौम । The प्रातिपदिकम् ‘भौम’ declines like राम-शब्दः।

(6) भौम + सुँ । By 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टाभ्याम्भिस्ङेभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिँभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप्।

(7) भौम + स् । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत् and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(8) भौमः । रुँत्व-विसर्गौ by 8-2-66 ससजुषो रुः and 8-3-15 खरवसानयोर्विसर्जनीयः।

We can similarly derive the following –
१) इलाया अपत्यम् (पुमान्) = ऐलः (पुरूरवाः) – a (male) descendant of Ilā. It refers to Purūravā

Today we will look at the form पौत्रम् mAs from श्रीमद्भागवतम् verse 1.13.16.

युधिष्ठिरो लब्धराज्यो दृष्ट्वा पौत्रं कुलन्धरम् ।
भ्रातृभिर्लोकपालाभैर्मुमुदे परया श्रिया ∥ १-१३-१६ ∥

श्रीधर-स्वामि-टीका –
इदानीं राज्यस्यापकर्षं निरूपयितुमुत्कर्षं निगमयति – युधिष्ठिर इति । कुलन्धरं वंशधरम् ∥ १६ ∥

Gita Press translation “Having got back his kingdom and seen the face of a grandson capable of upholding the traditions of the family, Yudhiṣṭhira in his supreme splendor rejoiced with his younger brothers who were as powerful as the guardians of the various worlds (16).”

पुत्रस्यानन्तरापत्यम् (पुमान्) = पौत्रः – an immediate (male) descendant of a son = grandson (son’s son)
In the verses the विवक्षा is द्वितीया-एकवचनम्। Hence the form is पौत्रम्।

(1) पुत्र ङस् + अञ् । By 4-1-104 अनृष्यानन्तर्ये बिदादिभ्योऽञ् – Following a syntactically related पदम् in which the सन्धिः operations have been performed, and which ends in a sixth case affix and which has ‘बिद’ etc (listed in the बिदादि-गण:) as its base, the तद्धित: affix ‘अञ्’ may be applied optionally to denote the sense of
i) गोत्रापत्यम् (ref: 4-1-162 अपत्यं पौत्रप्रभृति गोत्रम्‌) of a sage
ii) अनन्तरापत्यम् (immediate descendant) of one who is not a sage.
As per the सूत्रम् 4-1-92 तस्यापत्यम् – Following a syntactically related पदम् in which the सन्धिः operations have been performed and which ends in a sixth case affix the तद्धिता: affixes already prescribed (by the prior rules 4-1-83 प्राग्दीव्यतोऽण् etc), as well as those that are going to be prescribed (by the following rules 4-1-95 अत इञ् etc), may be optionally applied to denote the sense of अपत्यम् (descendant.)

(2) पुत्र ङस् + अ । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

Note: ‘पुत्र ङस् + अ’ gets the designation प्रातिपदिकम्‌ by 1-2-46 कृत्तद्धितसमासाश्च। This allows 2-4-71 सुपो धातुप्रातिपदिकयोः to apply in the next step.

(3) पुत्र + अ । By 2-4-71 सुपो धातुप्रातिपदिकयोः – A सुँप् affix takes a लुक् elision when it is a part of a धातुः or a प्रातिपदिकम्।

Note: The affix ‘अञ्’ is a ञित् (has the letter ‘ञ्’ as इत्)। This allows 7-2-117 तद्धितेष्वचामादेः to apply in the next step.

(4) पौत्र + अ । By 7-2-117 तद्धितेष्वचामादेः – The first vowel among the vowels of a अङ्गम् which is followed by a तद्धित: affix (ref. 4-1-76 तद्धिताः) which is either a ञित् (has the letter ‘ञ्’ as a इत्) or a णित् (has the letter ‘ण्’ as a इत्) takes the वृद्धि: (ref. 1-1-1 वृद्धिरादैच्) substitute.

Note: The अङ्गम् ‘पौत्र’ gets the भ-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-4-18 यचि भम् which allows 6-4-148 यस्येति च to apply in the next step.

(5) पौत्र् + अ । By 6-4-148 यस्येति च – When the letter ‘ई’ or a ‘तद्धित’ affix follows, the (ending) इ-वर्ण: (letter ‘इ’ or ‘ई’) or the (ending) अवर्ण: (letter ‘अ’ or ‘आ’) of the अङ्गम् with the भ-सञ्ज्ञा takes elision (लोपः)।

= पौत्र । The प्रातिपदिकम् ‘पौत्र’ declines like राम-शब्दः।

(6) पौत्र + अम् । By 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टाभ्याम्भिस्ङेभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप्‌।
Note: 1-3-4 न विभक्तौ तुस्माः prevents the ending letter ‘म्’ of the affix ‘अम्’ from getting इत्-सञ्ज्ञा।

(7) पौत्रम् । By 6-1-107 अमि पूर्वः – In place of a preceding अक् letter and the following vowel (अच्) belonging to the affix ‘अम्’ there is a single substitute of that preceding अक् letter.

We can similarly derive the following –
१) दुहितुरनन्तरापत्यम् (पुमान्) = दौहित्रः – an immediate (male) descendant of a daughter = grandson (daughter’s son)

Today we will look at the form कौशिकात् m-Ab-s from रघुवंशम् verse 11-14.

तौ सुकेतुसुतया खिलीकृते कौशिकाद्विदितशापया पथि ।
निन्यतुः स्थलनिवेशिताटनी लीलयैव धनुषी अधिज्यताम् ॥ 11-14॥

टीका – अत्र रामायणवचनम् – ‘अगस्त्यः परमक्रुद्धस्ताडकामभिशप्तवान् । पुरुषादी महायक्षी विकृता विकृतानना । इदं रूपमपाहाय दारुणं रूपमस्तु ते ॥’ इति । तदेतदाह – विदितशापयेति । कौशिकात् आख्यातुः । ‘1-4-29 आख्यातोपयोगे’ इत्यपादानात्पञ्चमी । विदितशापया सुकेतुसुतया ताडकया खिलीकृते पथि । ‘खिलमप्रहतं स्थानम्’ इति हलायुधः । तौ रामलक्ष्मणौ [ स्थलनिवेशिताटनी ] स्थले निवेशिते अटनी धनु:कोटी याभ्यां तौ तथोक्तौ । ‘कोटिरस्याटनिः’ (2-8-84) इत्यमरः । लीलयैव धनुषी । अधिकृते ज्ये मौर्व्यौ ययोस्ते अधिज्ये । ‘ज्या मौर्वीमातृभूमिषु’ इति विश्वः । तयोर्भावस्तत्ताम् अधिज्यतां निन्यतुः नीतवन्तौ । नयतिर्द्विकर्मकः ॥

Translation – And on the way laid waste by Suketu’s daughter, of whose curse Kauśika had spoken to them, they playfully strung their bows, having rested their bow-ends on the grounds (14).

The above verses have previously appeared in the following post – अधिज्यताम् fAs

Note: The above verse has been discussed in detail in the Thursday class on April 8th 2010. Please refer to the following link for the class recording – Video

कुशिकस्य गोत्रापत्यम् (पुमान्) = कौशिकः – a (male) descendant (but not immediate) of (the sage) Kuśika. It refers to sage Viśwāmitra.
In the verses the विवक्षा is पञ्चमी-एकवचनम्। Hence the form is कौशिकात्।

(1) कुशिक ङस् + अञ् । By 4-1-104 अनृष्यानन्तर्ये बिदादिभ्योऽञ् – Following a syntactically related पदम् in which the सन्धिः operations have been performed, and which ends in a sixth case affix and has ‘बिद’ etc (listed in the बिदादि-गण:) as its base the तद्धित: affix ‘अञ्’ may be applied optionally to denote the sense of
i) गोत्रापत्यम् (ref: 4-1-162 अपत्यं पौत्रप्रभृति गोत्रम्‌) of a sage
ii) अनन्तरापत्यम् (immediate descendant) of one who is not a sage.
As per the सूत्रम् 4-1-92 तस्यापत्यम् – Following a syntactically related पदम् in which the सन्धिः operations have been performed and which ends in a sixth case affix the तद्धिता: affixes already prescribed (by the prior rules 4-1-83 प्राग्दीव्यतोऽण् etc), as well as those that are going to be prescribed (by the following rules 4-1-95 अत इञ् etc), may be optionally applied to denote the sense of अपत्यम् (descendant.)
As per 4-1-162 अपत्यं पौत्रप्रभृति गोत्रम्‌ – The designation ‘गोत्र’ is assigned to a grandson/granddaughter onward when the intention is to express him/her as a descendant (अपत्यम्)।
Note: Since ‘कुशिक’ is the name of a sage, the affix ‘अञ्’ in the present example denotes the sense of गोत्रापत्यम् (and not अनन्तरापत्यम्।)

(2) कुशिक ङस् + अ । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

Note: ‘कुशिक ङस् + अ’ gets the designation प्रातिपदिकम्‌ by 1-2-46 कृत्तद्धितसमासाश्च। This allows 2-4-71 सुपो धातुप्रातिपदिकयोः to apply in the next step.

(3) कुशिक + अ । By 2-4-71 सुपो धातुप्रातिपदिकयोः – A सुँप् affix takes a लुक् elision when it is a part of a धातुः or a प्रातिपदिकम्।

Note: The affix ‘अञ्’ is a ञित् (has the letter ‘ञ्’ as इत्)। This allows 7-2-117 तद्धितेष्वचामादेः to apply in the next step.

(4) कौशिक + अ । By 7-2-117 तद्धितेष्वचामादेः – The first vowel among the vowels of a अङ्गम् which is followed by a तद्धित: affix (ref. 4-1-76 तद्धिताः) which is either a ञित् (has the letter ‘ञ्’ as a इत्) or a णित् (has the letter ‘ण्’ as a इत्) takes the वृद्धि: (ref. 1-1-1 वृद्धिरादैच्) substitute.

Note: The अङ्गम् ‘कौशिक’ gets the भ-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-4-18 यचि भम् which allows 6-4-148 यस्येति च to apply in the next step.

(5) कौशिक् + अ । By 6-4-148 यस्येति च – When the letter ‘ई’ or a ‘तद्धित’ affix follows, the (ending) इ-वर्ण: (letter ‘इ’ or ‘ई’) or the (ending) अवर्ण: (letter ‘अ’ or ‘आ’) of the अङ्गम् with the भ-सञ्ज्ञा takes elision (लोपः)।

= कौशिक । The प्रातिपदिकम् ‘कौशिक’ declines like राम-शब्दः।

(6) कौशिक + ङसिँ । By 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टाभ्याम्भिस्ङेभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप्‌।
As per the सूत्रम् 1-4-29 आख्यातोपयोगे – The कारकम् (participant in the action) which denotes a teacher/instructor from whom a student formally (observing the proper rules of conduct) receives knowledge is designated as अपादानम्। By 2-3-28 अपादाने पञ्चमी – A fifth case affix (‘ङसिँ’, ‘भ्याम्’, ‘भ्यस्’) is used to denote the अपादानम् (that from which detachment/ablation takes place) provided it has not been expressed otherwise.

(7) कौशिक + आत् । By 7-1-12 टाङसिङसामिनात्स्याः, 1-1-55 अनेकाल्शित्सर्वस्य। Note: 1-3-4 न विभक्तौ तुस्माः prevents the ending letter ‘त्’ of ‘आत्’ from getting the इत्-सञ्ज्ञा।

(8) कौशिकात् । By 6-1-101 अकः सवर्णे दीर्घः।

We can similarly derive the following –
१) भरद्वाजस्य गोत्रापत्यम् (पुमान्) = भारद्वाजः – a (male) descendant (but not immediate) of (the sage) Bharadwāja. It refers to Droṇācārya.
२) कश्यपस्य गोत्रापत्यम् (पुमान्) = काश्यपः – a (male) descendant (but not immediate) of (the sage) Kaśyapa.
३) शुनकस्य गोत्रापत्यम् (पुमान्) = शौनकः – a (male) descendant (but not immediate) of (the sage) Śunaka.

Today we will look at the form सौमित्रिः mNs from श्रीमद्-वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् 3.16.3.

स कदाचित् प्रभातायां शर्वर्यां रघुनन्दनः । प्रययावभिषेकार्थं रम्यां गोदावरीं नदीम् ।। ३-१६-२ ।।
प्रह्वः कलशहस्तस्तु सीतया सह वीर्यवान् । पृष्ठतोऽनुव्रजन्भ्राता सौमित्रिरिदमब्रवीत् ।। ३-१६-३ ।।
अयं स कालः सम्प्राप्तः प्रियो यस्ते प्रियंवद । अलङ्कृत इवाभाति येन संवत्सरः शुभः ।। ३-१६-४ ।।
नीहारपरुषो लोकः पृथिवी सस्यमालिनी । जलान्यनुपभोग्यानि सुभगो हव्यवाहनः ।। ३-१६-५ ।।

Gita Press translation – Once that delight of the Raghus, at break of day, went to the beautiful Godāvarī river for the sake of a bath (2). Following at the heels of Śrī Rāma with a vessel for water in his hand together with Sītā, his brave brother, the son of Sumitrā, spoke as follows :- (3) “Now has arrived that season which is dear to you, O polite brother, with which the blessed year appears as though ornamented (4). The people feel dry with cold, the earth is rich with crops; the waters are unenjoyable, the fire is agreeable.” (5)

The above verses have previously appeared in the following post – प्रियंवद-mvs

सुमित्राया अपत्यम् (पुमान्) = सौमित्रिः (लक्ष्मणः) – a (male) descendant of Sumitrā. It refers to Lakṣmaṇa (son of Sumitrā)
In the verses the विवक्षा is प्रथमा-एकवचनम्।

(1) सुमित्रा ङस् + इञ् । By 4-1-96 बाह्वादिभ्यश्च – To denote the sense of अपत्यम् (descendant) the तद्धित: affix ‘इञ्’ may be applied optionally following a syntactically related पदम् in which the सन्धिः operations have been performed, provided the पदम् ends in a sixth case affix and has ‘बाहु’ etc (listed in the बाह्वादि-गण:) as its base. As per the सूत्रम् 4-1-92 तस्यापत्यम् – Following a syntactically related पदम् in which the सन्धिः operations have been performed and which ends in a sixth case affix the तद्धिता: affixes already prescribed (by the prior rules 4-1-83 प्राग्दीव्यतोऽण् etc), as well as those that are going to be prescribed (by the following rules 4-1-95 अत इञ् etc), may be optionally applied to denote the sense of अपत्यम् (descendant.)

Note: First the सूत्रम् 4-1-83 प्राग्दीव्यतोऽण् prescribes the default affix ‘अण्’ which is over-ruled by the affix ‘ढक्’ (prescribed by the सूत्रम् 4-1-120 स्त्रीभ्यो ढक्) which in turn is over-ruled by the affix ‘इञ्’ (prescribed by the सूत्रम् 4-1-96 बाह्वादिभ्यश्च) because ‘सुमित्रा’ is specifically listed in the बाह्वादि-गण:।
Note: Since ‘सुमित्रा’ does not end in the letter ‘अ’ the सूत्रम् 4-1-95 अत इञ् cannot apply here.

Note: आकृतिगणोऽयम्। The बाह्वादि-गण: is a आकृतिगणः – which is a class or group of words in which some words are actually mentioned and there is room left to include others which are found undergoing the same operations.

(2) सुमित्रा ङस् + इ । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

Note: ‘सुमित्रा ङस् + इ’ gets the designation प्रातिपदिकम्‌ by 1-2-46 कृत्तद्धितसमासाश्च। This allows 2-4-71 सुपो धातुप्रातिपदिकयोः to apply in the next step.

(3) सुमित्रा + इ । By 2-4-71 सुपो धातुप्रातिपदिकयोः – A सुँप् affix takes a लुक् elision when it is a part of a धातुः or a प्रातिपदिकम्।

Note: The affix ‘इञ्’ is a ञित् (has the letter ‘ञ्’ as इत्)। This allows 7-2-117 तद्धितेष्वचामादेः to apply in the next step.

(4) सौमित्रा + इ । By 7-2-117 तद्धितेष्वचामादेः – The first vowel among the vowels of a अङ्गम् which is followed by a तद्धित: affix (ref. 4-1-76 तद्धिताः) which is either a ञित् (has the letter ‘ञ्’ as a इत्) or a णित् (has the letter ‘ण्’ as a इत्) takes the वृद्धि: (ref. 1-1-1 वृद्धिरादैच्) substitute.

Note: The अङ्गम् ‘सौमित्रा’ gets the भ-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-4-18 यचि भम् which allows 6-4-148 यस्येति च to apply in the next step.

(5) सौमित्र् + इ । By 6-4-148 यस्येति च – When the letter ‘ई’ or a ‘तद्धित’ affix follows, the (ending) इ-वर्ण: (letter ‘इ’ or ‘ई’) or the (ending) अवर्ण: (letter ‘अ’ or ‘आ’) of the अङ्गम् with the भ-सञ्ज्ञा takes elision (लोपः)।

= सौमित्रि । The प्रातिपदिकम् ‘सौमित्रि’ declines like हरि-शब्दः।

(6) सौमित्रि + सुँ । By 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टाभ्याम्भिस्ङेभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप्‌।

(7) सौमित्रि + स् । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत् and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(8) सौमित्रिः । रुँत्व-विसर्गौ by 8-2-66 ससजुषो रुः and 8-3-15 खरवसानयोर्विसर्जनीयः।

Similarly, we can derive the following –
१) कृष्णस्यापत्यम् (पुमान्) = कार्ष्णिः – a (male) descendant of Kṛṣṇa (of the Vṛṣṇi dynasty)
२) प्रद्युम्नस्यापत्यम् (पुमान्) = प्राद्युम्निः – a (male) descendant of Pradyumna (of the Vṛṣṇi dynasty)
३) सत्यकस्यापत्यम् (पुमान्) = सात्यकिः – a (male) descendant of Satyaka (of the Vṛṣṇi dynasty)
४) युधिष्ठिरस्यापत्यम् (पुमान्) = यौधिष्ठिरिः – a (male) descendant of Yudhiṣṭhira (of the Kuru dynasty)
५) अर्जुनस्यापत्यम् (पुमान्) = आर्जुनिः – a (male) descendant of Arjuna (of the Kuru dynasty)

Note: In the above examples, first the सूत्रम् 4-1-83 प्राग्दीव्यतोऽण् prescribes the default affix ‘अण्’ which is over-ruled by the affix ‘इञ्’ (prescribed by the सूत्रम् 4-1-95 अत इञ्) which in turn is over-ruled by the affix ‘अण्’ (prescribed by the सूत्रम् 4-1-114 ऋष्यन्धकवृष्णिकुरुभ्यश्च) and finally the सूत्रम् 4-1-96 बाह्वादिभ्यश्च brings back the affix ‘इञ्’ since ‘कृष्ण’, ‘प्रद्युम्न’, ‘सत्यक’, ‘युधिष्ठिर’ and ‘अर्जुन’ are specifically listed in the बाह्वादि-गण:।

Today we will look at the form जैगीषव्योपदेशेन mIs from श्रीमद्भागवतम् 9.21.26.

स कृत्व्यां शुककन्यायां ब्रह्मदत्तमजीजनत् । स योगी गवि भार्यायां विष्वक्सेनमधात्सुतम् ∥ ९-२१-२५ ∥
जैगीषव्योपदेशेन योगतन्त्रं चकार ह । उदक्स्वनस्ततस्तस्माद्भल्लादो बार्हदीषवाः ∥ ९-२१-२६ ∥

श्रीधर-स्वामि-टीका –
स एव कृत्व्यां कृत्वीसंज्ञायां शुककन्यायां ब्रह्मदत्तं च जनयामास । तदुक्तं हरिवंशादिषु – ‘पराशरकुलोत्पन्नः शुको नाम महायशाः ।। व्यासादरण्यां संभूतो विधूमोऽग्निरिवोज्ज्वलन् ∥ स तस्यां पितृकन्यायां वीरिण्यां जनयिष्यति ∥ कृष्णं गौरप्रभं शंभुं तथा भूरिश्रुतं जयम् ∥ कन्यां कीर्तिमतीं षष्ठीं योगिनीं योगमातरम् ∥ ब्रह्मदत्तस्य जननीं महिषीमणुहस्य च ∥’ इति । यद्यपि शुक उत्पत्त्यैव विमुक्तसङ्गो निर्गतस्तथापि विरहातुरं व्यासमनुयान्तं दृष्ट्वा छायाशुकं निर्माय गतवांस्तदभिप्रायेणैव गार्हस्थ्यादिव्यवहार इत्यविरोधः । स ब्रह्मदत्तो योगी । गवि वाचि सरस्वत्याम् ∥ २५ ∥ स एव योगतन्त्रं चकार । बार्हदीषवा बृहदिषोर्वंश्या इमे, दीर्घत्वमार्षम् ∥ २६ ∥

Gita Press translation – Through Kṛtvī, the daughter of Śuka, Nīpa begot (another son) Brahmadatta. The latter, (who was) a Yogī, begot through his wife Gau (Saraswatī), (a son named) Viṣwaksena (25). Inspired by the teachings of Jaigīṣavya, it is said, he produced a work on Yoga. From (the loins of) Viṣwaksena sprang up Udakswana and from him followed Bhallāda. These are the descendants of Bṛhadiṣu (26).

The above verses have previously appeared in the following post – अजीजनत्-3as-लुँङ्

जिगीषोर्गोत्रापत्यम् (पुमान्) = जैगीषव्यः – a (male) descendant (but not the son) of Jigīṣu

(1) जिगीषु ङस् + यञ् । By 4-1-105 गर्गादिभ्यो यञ् – Following a syntactically related पदम् in which the सन्धिः operations have been performed, and which ends in a sixth case affix and which has ‘गर्ग’ etc (listed in the गर्गादि-गण:) as its base, the तद्धित: affix ‘यञ्’ may be applied optionally to denote a descendant having the designation ‘गोत्र’ (ref: 4-1-162 अपत्यं पौत्रप्रभृति गोत्रम्‌।)
Note: The अनुवृत्तिः of गोत्रे comes down into the सूत्रम् 4-1-105 from the सूत्रम् 4-1-98 गोत्रे कुञ्जादिभ्यश्च्फञ्।
As per 4-1-162 अपत्यं पौत्रप्रभृति गोत्रम्‌ – The designation ‘गोत्र’ is assigned to a grandson/granddaughter onward when the intention is to express him/her as a descendant (अपत्यम्)।
As per the सूत्रम् 4-1-92 तस्यापत्यम् – Following a syntactically related पदम् in which the सन्धिः operations have been performed and which ends in a sixth case affix the तद्धिता: affixes already prescribed (by the prior rules 4-1-83 प्राग्दीव्यतोऽण् etc), as well as those that are going to be prescribed (by the following rules 4-1-95 अत इञ् etc), may be optionally applied to denote the sense of अपत्यम् (descendant.)

(2) जिगीषु ङस् + य । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

Note: ‘जिगीषु ङस् + य’ gets the designation प्रातिपदिकम्‌ by 1-2-46 कृत्तद्धितसमासाश्च। This allows 2-4-71 सुपो धातुप्रातिपदिकयोः to apply in the next step.

(3) जिगीषु + य । By 2-4-71 सुपो धातुप्रातिपदिकयोः – A सुँप् affix takes a लुक् elision when it is a part of a धातुः or a प्रातिपदिकम्।

Note: The affix ‘यञ्’ is a ञित् (has the letter ‘ञ्’ as इत्)। This allows 7-2-117 तद्धितेष्वचामादेः to apply in the next step.

(4) जैगीषु + य । By 7-2-117 तद्धितेष्वचामादेः – The first vowel among the vowels of a अङ्गम् which is followed by a तद्धित: affix (ref. 4-1-76 तद्धिताः) which is either a ञित् (has the letter ‘ञ्’ as a इत्) or a णित् (has the letter ‘ण्’ as a इत्) takes the वृद्धि: (ref. 1-1-1 वृद्धिरादैच्) substitute.

Note: The अङ्गम् ‘जैगीषु’ gets the भ-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-4-18 यचि भम् which allows 6-4-146 ओर्गुणः to apply in the next step.

(5) जैगीषो + य । By 6-4-146 ओर्गुणः – When followed by a तद्धितः affix, the ending letter ‘उ’/’ऊ’ of a अङ्गम् which has the भ-सञ्ज्ञा (ref. 1-4-18 यचि भम्) takes the गुण: substitution (‘ओ’)।

(6) जैगीषव् + य । By 6-1-79 वान्तो यि प्रत्यये – When followed by an affix which begins with the letter ‘य्’, the letters ‘ओ’ and ‘औ’ are replaced by ‘अव्’ and ‘आव्’ respectively.

= जैगीषव्य ।

Now we form the compound प्रातिपदिकम् ‘जैगीषव्योपदेश’।
The लौकिक-विग्रह: is –
(7) जैगीषव्यस्योपदेशः = जैगीषव्योपदेशः – the teachings of Jaigīṣavya.
Note: The sixth case affix in जैगीषव्यस्य is as per the सूत्रम् 2-3-50 षष्ठी शेषे।

अलौकिक-विग्रह: –
(8) जैगीषव्य ङस् + उपदेश सुँ । By 2-2-8 षष्ठी – A पदम् ending in a sixth case affix optionally compounds with a (syntactically related) पदम् ending in a सुँप् affix and the resulting compound gets the designation तत्पुरुष:।

(9) By 1-2-43 प्रथमानिर्दिष्टं समास उपसर्जनम् – the term ‘जैगीषव्य ङस्’ gets the designation उपसर्जनम् because in the सूत्रम् 2-2-8 (which prescribes the compounding) the term षष्ठी ends in the nominative case. Hence ‘जैगीषव्य ङस्’ is placed in the prior position in the compound as per the सूत्रम् 2-2-30 उपसर्जनं पूर्वम्‌ – In a compound a term which has the designation ‘उपसर्जन’ should be placed in the prior position.

Note: ‘जैगीषव्य ङस् + उपदेश सुँ’ gets the designation प्रातिपदिकम्‌ by 1-2-46 कृत्तद्धितसमासाश्च। This allows 2-4-71 to apply in the next step.

(10) जैगीषव्य + उपदेश । By 2-4-71 सुपो धातुप्रातिपदिकयोः – A सुँप् affix takes a लुक् elision when it is a part of a धातुः or a प्रातिपदिकम्।

(11) जैगीषव्योपदेश । By 6-1-87 आद्‍गुणः।

Note: As per the सूत्रम् 2-4-26 परवल्लिङ्गं द्वन्द्वतत्पुरुषयोः, the compound प्रातिपदिकम् ‘जैगीषव्योपदेश’ is masculine since the latter member ‘उपदेश’ of the compound is masculine. The compound declines like राम-शब्द:। The विवक्षा is तृतीया-एकवचनम्।

(12) जैगीषव्योपदेश + टा । By 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टाभ्याम्भिस्ङेभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप्‌।

(13) जैगीषव्योपदेश + इन । By 7-1-12 टाङसिङसामिनात्स्याः – Following a अङ्गम् ending in the letter ‘अ’, the affixes ‘टा’, ‘ङसिँ’ and ‘ङस्’ are replaced respectively by ‘इन’, ‘आत्’ and ‘स्य’। As per 1-1-55 अनेकाल्शित्सर्वस्य the entire affix ‘टा’ is replaced.

(14) जैगीषव्योपदेशेन । By 6-1-87 आद्‍गुणः।

Similarly, we can derive the following –
१) मण्डोर्गोत्रापत्यम् (पुमान्) = माण्डव्यः – a (male) descendant (but not the son) of the sage Manḍu

Today we will look at the form भारत mVs from श्रीमद्भागवतम् 6.17.16

अतः पापीयसीं योनिमासुरीं याहि दुर्मते । यथेह भूयो महतां न कर्ता पुत्र किल्बिषम् ॥ ६-१७-१५ ॥
श्रीशुक उवाच
एवं शप्तश्चित्रकेतुर्विमानादवरुह्य सः । प्रसादयामास सतीं मूर्ध्ना नम्रेण भारत ॥ ६-१७-१६ ॥

श्रीधर-स्वामि-टीका –
तदेवं स्वयं दण्ड्यत्वं निश्चित्य तं प्राह – अत इति । हे पुत्र, यथा भूयो महतां किल्बिषमपराधं न कर्ता न करिष्यसि तथा याहीत्यर्थः ।। १५ ।। १६ ।।

Gita Press translation “Hence be reborn in the demoniac species – a most wicked species – O evil-minded one, so that you may not perpetrate again in this world, such offense against the exalted souls my son.” Śrī Śuka resumed : “Thus subjected to an execration, the said Citraketu alighted from his aerial car and propitiated the noble lady (Goddess Pārvatī) with his head bent low (in the following words), O Parīkṣit (a scion of Bharata).”

The above verses have previously appeared in the following post – कर्ता 3As-लुँट्

भरतस्यापत्यम् (पुमान्) = भारतः – a (male) descendant of Bharata – here it refers to Parīkṣit
In the verses the विवक्षा is सम्बुद्धिः, hence the form used is भारत।

(1) भरत ङस् + अञ् । By 4-1-86 उत्सादिभ्योऽञ् – The तद्धित: affix ‘अञ्’ is authorized for all rules down prior to the सूत्रम् 4-4-2 तेन दीव्यति खनति जयति जितम्, provided it is applied to a पदम् which has ‘उत्स’ etc (listed in the उत्सादि-गण:) as its base.
Note: The affix ‘अञ्’ prescribed by 4-1-86 is a अपवादः to the default affix ‘अण्’ (prescribed by the सूत्रम् 4-1-83 प्राग्दीव्यतोऽण्) as well as the affixes (‘इञ्’ etc.) which are अपवादाः to the affix ‘अण्’।
Note: The final form is the same regardless of whether the affix ‘अञ्’ (prescribed by the सूत्रम् 4-1-86) or the default affix ‘अण्’ (prescribed by 4-1-83 प्राग्दीव्यतोऽण्) is used. The only difference is in the स्वरः (intonation) in the Vedas.
As per the सूत्रम् 4-1-92 तस्यापत्यम् – Following a syntactically related पदम् in which the सन्धिः operations have been performed and which ends in a sixth case affix the तद्धिता: affixes already prescribed (by the prior rules 4-1-83 प्राग्दीव्यतोऽण् etc), as well as those that are going to be prescribed (by the following rules 4-1-95 अत इञ् etc), may be optionally applied to denote the sense of अपत्यम् (descendant.)

Note: In the present example, first the सूत्रम् 4-1-83 प्राग्दीव्यतोऽण् prescribes the default affix ‘अण्’ which is over-ruled by the affix ‘इञ्’ (prescribed by the सूत्रम् 4-1-95 अत इञ्)। This in turn is over-ruled by the affix ‘अञ्’ (prescribed by the सूत्रम् 4-1-86 उत्सादिभ्योऽञ्) since ‘भरत’ is listed in the उत्सादि-गण:।

(2) भरत ङस् + अ । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

Note: ‘भरत ङस् + अ’ gets the designation प्रातिपदिकम्‌ by 1-2-46 कृत्तद्धितसमासाश्च। This allows 2-4-71 सुपो धातुप्रातिपदिकयोः to apply in the next step.

(3) भरत + अ । By 2-4-71 सुपो धातुप्रातिपदिकयोः – A सुँप् affix takes a लुक् elision when it is a part of a धातुः or a प्रातिपदिकम्।

Note: The affix ‘अञ्’ is a ञित् (has the letter ‘ञ्’ as इत्)। This allows 7-2-117 तद्धितेष्वचामादेः to apply in the next step.

(4) भारत + अ । By 7-2-117 तद्धितेष्वचामादेः – The first vowel among the vowels of a अङ्गम् which is followed by a तद्धित: affix (ref. 4-1-76 तद्धिताः) which is either a ञित् (has the letter ‘ञ्’ as a इत्) or a णित् (has the letter ‘ण्’ as a इत्) takes the वृद्धि: (ref. 1-1-1 वृद्धिरादैच्) substitute.
Note: The अङ्गम् ‘भारत’ gets the भ-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-4-18 यचि भम् which allows 6-4-148 यस्येति च to apply in the next step.

(5) भारत् + अ । By 6-4-148 यस्येति च – When the letter ‘ई’ or a ‘तद्धित’ affix follows, the (ending) इ-वर्ण: (letter ‘इ’ or ‘ई’) or the (ending) अवर्ण: (letter ‘अ’ or ‘आ’) of the अङ्गम् with the भ-सञ्ज्ञा takes elision (लोपः)।

= भारत । The प्रातिपदिकम् ‘भारत’ declines like राम-शब्दः।

The विवक्षा is सम्बुद्धिः। By 2-3-49 एकवचनं सम्बुद्धि: – The nominative singular affix (‘सुँ’) when used in a vocative form gets the designation सम्बुद्धि:।

(6) (हे) भारत + सुँ । By 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टाभ्याम्भिस्ङेभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप्‌। By 2-3-47 सम्बोधने च – A first case affix (‘सुँ’, ‘औ’, ‘जस्’) is used to denote ‘address’ (in addition to the meaning of the nominal stem) also. Note: सम् (सम्मुखीकृत्य) बोधनम् (ज्ञापनम्) = सम्बोधनम्। सम्बोधनम् means drawing someone’s attention (to inform him/her of something.)

(7) (हे) भारत + स् । अनुबन्ध-लोप: by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत् and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(8) (हे) भारत । By 6-1-69 एङ्ह्रस्वात्‌ सम्बुद्धेः – Following a अङ्गम् ending in ‘एङ्’ (letter ‘ए’ or ‘ओ’) or a short vowel, a consonant is dropped if it belongs to a सम्बुद्धि: affix.

Today we will look at the form बार्हस्पत्यस्य mGs from श्रीमद्भागवतम् 9.18.22.

न ब्राह्मणो मे भविता हस्तग्राहो महाभुज । कचस्य बार्हस्पत्यस्य शापाद्यमशपं पुरा ॥ ९-१८-२२ ॥
ययातिरनभिप्रेतं दैवोपहृतमात्मनः । मनस्तु तद्गतं बुद्ध्वा प्रतिजग्राह तद्वचः ॥ ९-१८-२३ ॥

श्रीधर-स्वामि-टीका –
ब्राह्मणमेव त्वं वृणीहि किमनेनाग्रहेणेति चेत्तत्राह – न ब्राह्मण इति । बृहस्पतेः सुतः कचः शुक्रान्मृतसंजीवनीं विद्यामध्यगात्, तदा च देवयानी तं पतिं चकमे, स च गुरुपुत्री मम पूज्येति न तामुदवहत्, ततश्च कुपिता सती तवेयं विद्या निष्फला भवत्विति तं शशाप, स च तव ब्राह्मणः पतिर्न भवेदिति तां शशाप । तदेतदाह – यमहमशपं तस्य शापात् ॥ २२ ॥ अशास्त्रीयत्वादनभिप्रेतमपि दैवेनोपहृतं प्रापितं बुद्ध्वा तद्गतं तस्यां सकामं स्वं मनश्च बुद्ध्वा नह्यधर्मे मदीयं मनः प्रविशेदिति तस्या वचः प्रतिजग्राहाङ्गीकृतवान् ॥ २३ ॥

Gita Press translation “A Brāhmaṇa is not destined to be my husband, thanks to the imprecation of Kaca (the son of sage Bṛhaspati) – Kaca, whom I had cursed on a former occasion, O long-armed one!”(22) Recognizing the connection as having been pre-ordained by fate, even though it was not (at all) acceptable to him (inasmuch as it was against the recognized code of ethics), and perceiving his mind too (which could not lean towards unrighteousness) drawn towards her, Yayāti agreed to her proposal (23).”

The above verses have previously appeared in the following post – भविता-3as-लुँट्

बृहस्पतेरपत्यम् (पुमान्) = बार्हस्पत्यः – a (male) descendant of Bṛhaspati
In the verses the विवक्षा is षष्ठी-एकवचनम्, hence the form used is बार्हस्पत्यस्य।

(1) बृहस्पति ङस् + ण्य । By 4-1-85 दित्यदित्यादित्यपत्युत्तरपदाण्ण्यः – The affix ‘ण्य’ is authorized for all rules down prior to the सूत्रम् 4-4-2 तेन दीव्यति खनति जयति जितम्, provided it is applied to a पदम् derived from a प्रातिपदिकम् which is either ‘दिति’, ’अदिति’, ’आदित्य’ or a compound which has ‘पति’ as its latter member.
Note: The affix ‘ण्य’ prescribed by this सूत्रम् is a अपवादः to the affix ‘अण्’ prescribed by the सूत्रम् 4-1-83 प्राग्दीव्यतोऽण्।
As per the सूत्रम् 4-1-92 तस्यापत्यम् – Following a syntactically related पदम् in which the सन्धिः operations have been performed and which ends in a sixth case affix the तद्धिता: affixes already prescribed (by the prior rules 4-1-83 प्राग्दीव्यतोऽण् etc), as well as those that are going to be prescribed (by the following rules 4-1-95 अत इञ् etc), may be optionally applied to denote the sense of अपत्यम् (descendant.)

(2) बृहस्पति ङस् + य । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-7 चुटू, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

Note: ‘बृहस्पति ङस् + य’ gets the designation प्रातिपदिकम्‌ by 1-2-46 कृत्तद्धितसमासाश्च। This allows 2-4-71 सुपो धातुप्रातिपदिकयोः to apply in the next step.

(3) बृहस्पति + य । By 2-4-71 सुपो धातुप्रातिपदिकयोः – A सुँप् affix takes a लुक् elision when it is a part of a धातुः or a प्रातिपदिकम्।

Note: The affix ‘ण्य’ is a णित् (has the letter ‘ण्’ as इत्)। This allows 7-2-117 तद्धितेष्वचामादेः to apply in the next step.

(4) बार् हस्पति + य । By 7-2-117 तद्धितेष्वचामादेः – The first vowel among the vowels of a अङ्गम् which is followed by a तद्धित: affix (ref. 4-1-76 तद्धिताः) which is either a ञित् (has the letter ‘ञ्’ as a इत्) or a णित् (has the letter ‘ण्’ as a इत्) takes the वृद्धि: (ref. 1-1-1 वृद्धिरादैच्) substitute. By 1-1-51 उरण् रपरः, in the place of ऋवर्ण: if an अण् letter (‘अ’, ‘इ’, ‘उ’) comes as a substitute, it is always followed by a ‘रँ’ (‘र्’, ‘ल्’) letter.

Note: The अङ्गम् ‘बार्हस्पति’ gets the भ-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-4-18 यचि भम् which allows 6-4-148 यस्येति च to apply in the next step.

(5) बार्हस्पत् + य । By 6-4-148 यस्येति च – When the letter ‘ई’ or a ‘तद्धित’ affix follows, the (ending) इ-वर्ण: (letter ‘इ’ or ‘ई’) or the (ending) अवर्ण: (letter ‘अ’ or ‘आ’) of the अङ्गम् with the भ-सञ्ज्ञा takes elision (लोपः)।

= बार्हस्पत्य । The प्रातिपदिकम् ‘बार्हस्पत्य’ declines like राम-शब्दः।

(6) बार्हस्पत्य + ङस् । By 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टाभ्याम्भिस्ङेभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप्‌।

(7) बार्हस्पत्यस्य । By 7-1-12 टाङसिङसामिनात्स्याः – Following a अङ्गम् ending in the letter ‘अ’, the affixes ‘टा’, ‘ङसिँ’ and ‘ङस्’ are replaced respectively by ‘इन’, ‘आत्’ and ‘स्य’। As per 1-1-55 अनेकाल्शित्सर्वस्य the entire affix ‘ङस्’ is replaced.

We can similarly derive the following –
१) प्रजापतेरपत्यम् (पुमान्) = प्राजापत्यः – a (male) descendant of a Prajāpati
२) सेनापतेरपत्यम् (पुमान्) = सैनापत्यः – a (male) descendant of an army-general

Today we will look at the forms दैत्यान् mAp, आदित्याः mNp from श्रीमद्-वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् 3.14.15.

पुत्रांस्त्रैलोक्यभर्तॄन्वै जनयिष्यथ मत्समान् । अदितिस्तन्मना राम दितिश्च दनुरेव च ।। ३-१४-१३ ।।
कालका च महाबाहो शेषास्त्वमनसोऽभवन् । अदित्यां जज्ञिरे देवास्त्रयस्त्रिंशदरिन्दम ।। ३-१४-१४ ।।
आदित्या वसवो रुद्रा अश्विनौ च परन्तप । दितिस्त्वजनयत्पुत्रान्दैत्यांस्तात यशस्विनः ।। ३-१४-१५ ।।

Gita Press translation – ‘You will give birth to sons like me, masters of the three worlds.’ O Rāma of mighty arms – Aditi, Diti, Danu and Kālakā were attentive, the rest were indifferent. “Of Aditi thirty-three gods were born, O vanquisher of foes – the (twelve) Ādityas, the (eight) Vasus, the (eleven) Rudras and the two Aświns, O tormentor of foes! Diti for her part gave birth to the famous Daityas (demons), O dear one! (13-15).”

The above verses have previously appeared in the following post – जनयिष्यथ 2Ap-लृँट्

दितेरपत्यम् (पुमान्) = दैत्यः – a (male) descendant of Diti
In the verses the विवक्षा is द्वितीया-बहुवचनम्, hence the form used is दैत्यान्।

(1) दिति ङस् + ण्य । By 4-1-85 दित्यदित्यादित्यपत्युत्तरपदाण्ण्यः – The affix ‘ण्य’ is authorized for all rules down prior to the सूत्रम् 4-4-2 तेन दीव्यति खनति जयति जितम्, provided it is applied to a पदम् derived from a प्रातिपदिकम् which is either ‘दिति’, ’अदिति’, ’आदित्य’ or a compound which has ‘पति’ as its latter member.
Note: The affix ‘ण्य’ prescribed by this सूत्रम् is a अपवादः to the affix ‘अण्’ prescribed by the सूत्रम् 4-1-83 प्राग्दीव्यतोऽण्।
As per the सूत्रम् 4-1-92 तस्यापत्यम् – Following a syntactically related पदम् in which the सन्धिः operations have been performed and which ends in a sixth case affix the तद्धिता: affixes already prescribed (by the prior rules 4-1-83 प्राग्दीव्यतोऽण् etc), as well as those that are going to be prescribed (by the following rules 4-1-95 अत इञ् etc), may be optionally applied to denote the sense of अपत्यम् (descendant.)

(2) दिति ङस् + य । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-7 चुटू, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

Note: ‘दिति ङस् + य’ gets the designation प्रातिपदिकम्‌ by 1-2-46 कृत्तद्धितसमासाश्च। This allows 2-4-71 सुपो धातुप्रातिपदिकयोः to apply in the next step.

(3) दिति + य । By 2-4-71 सुपो धातुप्रातिपदिकयोः – A सुँप् affix takes a लुक् elision when it is a part of a धातुः or a प्रातिपदिकम्।

Note: The affix ‘ण्य’ is a णित् (has the letter ‘ण्’ as इत्)। This allows 7-2-117 तद्धितेष्वचामादेः to apply in the next step.

(4) दैति + य । By 7-2-117 तद्धितेष्वचामादेः – The first vowel among the vowels of a अङ्गम् which is followed by a तद्धित: affix (ref. 4-1-76 तद्धिताः) which is either a ञित् (has the letter ‘ञ्’ as a इत्) or a णित् (has the letter ‘ण्’ as a इत्) takes the वृद्धि: (ref. 1-1-1 वृद्धिरादैच्) substitute.

Note: The अङ्गम् ‘दैति’ gets the भ-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-4-18 यचि भम् which allows 6-4-148 यस्येति च to apply in the next step.

(5) दैत् + य । By 6-4-148 यस्येति च – When the letter ‘ई’ or a ‘तद्धित’ affix follows, the (ending) इ-वर्ण: (letter ‘इ’ or ‘ई’) or the (ending) अवर्ण: (letter ‘अ’ or ‘आ’) of the अङ्गम् with the भ-सञ्ज्ञा takes elision (लोपः)।

= दैत्य । The प्रातिपदिकम् ‘दैत्य’ declines like राम-शब्दः।

(6) दैत्य + शस् । By 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टाभ्याम्भिस्ङेभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप्‌।

(7) दैत्य + अस् । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-8 लशक्वतद्धिते and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः। 1-3-4 न विभक्तौ तुस्माः prevents the ending letter ‘स्’ of ‘शस्’ from getting the इत्-सञ्ज्ञा ।

(8) दैत्यास् । By 6-1-102 प्रथमयोः पूर्वसवर्णः – When a अक् letter is followed by a vowel (अच्) of the first (nominative) or second (accusative) case then for the two of them (अक् + अच्) there is a single substitute which is the elongated form of the first member (the अक् letter.)

(9) दैत्यान् । By 6-1-103 तस्माच्छसो नः पुंसि – In the masculine gender, when the letter ‘स्’ of the affix ‘शस्’ follows a vowel which has been elongated by 6-1-102 then it is replaced by the letter ‘न्’।

Similarly, we can derive the form आदित्याः used in the verses.
अदितेरपत्यम् (पुमान्) = आदित्यः – a (male) descendant of Aditi
In the verses the विवक्षा is प्रथमा-बहुवचनम्, hence the form used is आदित्याः।

The derivation of the प्रातिपदिकम्‌ ‘आदित्य’ is similar to the derivation of the प्रातिपदिकम्‌ ’दैत्य’ as shown above. The प्रातिपदिकम् ‘आदित्य’ declines like राम-शब्दः।