Today we will look at the form सत्कृत्य  ind from श्रीमद्-वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् 3.1.16.

वैदेहीं लक्ष्मणं रामं नेत्रैरनिमिषैरिव । आश्चर्यभूतान्ददृशुः सर्वे ते वनचारिणः ।। ३-१-१४ ।।
अत्रैनं हि महाभागाः सर्वभूतहिते रताः । अतिथिं पर्णशालायां राघवं संन्यवेशयन् ।। ३-१-१५ ।।
ततो रामस्य सत्कृत्य विधिना पावकोपमाः । आजह्रुस्ते महाभागाः सलिलं धर्मचारिणः ।। ३-१-१६ ।।

Gita Press translation – All those forest dwellers saw Vaidehī (the princess of Videha country), Lakṣmaṇa and Rāma as a wonder with eyes as though steady (14). Here, indeed, the highly fortunate sages, taking delight in the good of all beings, lodged the scion of Raghu as a guest in a hut made of leaves (15). Then honoring Rāma with traditional rites, the fire-like righteous sages of great fortune offered water (16).

(1) आदरं कृत्वा = सत्कृत्य – having honored.

सत्कृत्य is derived from the verbal root √कृ (डुकृञ् करणे ८. १०) preceded by the term ‘सत्’। ‘सत्’ gets the designation गति: here as per 1-4-63 आदरानादरयोः सदसती – The terms ‘सत्’ and ‘असत्’ when denoting ‘respect’ and ‘disrespect’ respectively get the designation ‘गति’ provided they are used in conjunction with a verb.

Note: Besides accent considerations, the purpose of assigning the designation ‘गति’ is to facilitate compound formation prescribed by the सूत्रम् 2-2-18 कुगतिप्रादयः which in turn allows for the substitution ‘ल्यप्‌’ (in place of ‘क्त्वा’) prescribed by the सूत्रम् 7-1-37 समासेऽनञ्पूर्वे क्त्वो ल्यप्‌ (in step 5.)

Note: Since the term ‘सत्’ has the designation ‘गति’ here it also gets the निपात-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-4-56 प्राग्रीश्वरान्निपाताः and hence the अव्यय-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-1-37 स्वरादिनिपातमव्ययम्।

(2) कृ + क्त्वा । By 3-4-21 समानकर्तृकयोः पूर्वकाले – The affix ‘क्त्वा’ is used following a verbal root which denotes a prior action relative to that of another verbal root, provided the agent of both the actions is the same. In the present example the later action (having the same agent – ‘the sages’) is आजह्रु: (‘offered.’)

(3) अलौकिक-विग्रह: –
सत् + कृ क्त्वा । By 2-2-18 कुगतिप्रादयः – The indeclinable ‘कु’, terms having the designation ‘गति’ (ref. 1-4-60 गतिश्च etc) as well as the terms ‘प्र’ etc. (ref. 1-4-58 प्रादयः) invariably compound with a syntactically related term and the resulting compound gets the designation तत्पुरुष:।
Note: The अनुवृत्ति: of नित्यम् (invariably) comes down from the prior सूत्रम् 2-2-17 नित्यं क्रीडाजीविकयोः।

(4) By 1-2-43 प्रथमानिर्दिष्टं समास उपसर्जनम् – the term ‘सत्’ gets the designation उपसर्जनम् because in the सूत्रम् 2-2-18 (which prescribes the compounding) the term कुगतिप्रादयः ends in the nominative case. Hence the term ‘सत्’ is placed in the prior position in the compound as per the सूत्रम् 2-2-30 उपसर्जनं पूर्वम्‌ – In a compound a term which has the designation ‘उपसर्जन’ should be placed in the prior position.

Note: ‘सत् + कृ क्त्वा’ gets the designation प्रातिपदिकम्‌ by 1-2-46 कृत्तद्धितसमासाश्च।

(5) सत् + कृ ल्यप् । By 7-1-37 समासेऽनञ्पूर्वे क्त्वो ल्यप्‌ – When the affix ‘क्त्वा’ occurs at the end of a compound, it is replaced by ‘ल्यप्’ provided the prior member of the compound is a अव्‍ययम् other than ‘नञ्’ (ref. 2-2-6).
Note: As per 1-1-56 स्थानिवदादेशोऽनल्विधौ, the substitution ‘ल्यप्’ (in place of the affix ‘क्त्वा’) inherits the property of being a कित् (having the letter ‘क्’ as a इत्) affix with the designation of कृत् (by 3-1-93) and आर्धधातुकम् (by 3-4-114.)

(6) सत् + कृ य । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-8 लशक्वतद्धिते and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

Note: 1-1-5 क्क्ङिति च prevents 7-3-84 सार्वधातुकार्धधातुकयोः from applying.

(7) सत् + कृ तुँक् य By 6-1-71 ह्रस्वस्य पिति कृति तुक् – When followed by a कृत् affix which is a पित् (has the letter ‘प्’ as a इत्), a short vowel takes the augment ‘तुँक्’। As per 1-1-46 आद्यन्तौ टकितौ, the augment ‘तुँक्’ joins after the short vowel ‘ऋ’।

(8) सत् + कृ त् य । अनुबन्ध-लोप: by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत् and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

= सत्कृत्य ।

‘सत्कृत्य’ gets the अव्यय-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-1-40 क्त्वातोसुन्कसुनः with the help of 1-1-56 स्थानिवदादेशोऽनल्विधौ। This allows 2-4-82 to apply below.

(9) सत्कृत्य + सुँ (default) । By 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टाभ्याम्भिस्ङेभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिँभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप्।

(10) सत्कृत्य । By 2-4-82 अव्ययादाप्सुपः – The feminine affix आप् and सुँप् affixes that are prescribed after a अव्ययम् take the लुक् elision.

Questions:

1. Referring to the set of three rules 1-4-62 अनुकरणं चानितिपरम्, 1-4-63 आदरानादरयोः सदसती (used in step 1) and 1-4-64 भूषणेऽलम् the सिद्धान्तकौमुदी says – ‘1-4-62 अनुकरणम्-‘ इत्यादि त्रिसूत्री स्वभावात्कृञ्विषया। Please explain.

2. In which compound used in the verses does the वार्तिकम् (under 2-1-60 क्तेन नञ्विशिष्टेनानञ् in the सिद्धान्तकौमुदी) शाकपार्थिवादीनां सिद्धये उत्तरपदलोपस्योपसंख्यानम् find application?

3. Which सूत्रम् may be used to justify the use of a sixth case affix in the form रामस्य used in the verses?

4. Where has the सूत्रम् 3-2-78 सुप्यजातौ णिनिस्ताच्छील्ये been used in the verses?

5. Can you spot the affix ‘कि’ in the verses?

6. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“One should give charity (after) having shown respect to the recipient.” Use the neuter noun ‘पात्र’ for ‘recipient.’

Easy questions:

1. Where has the सूत्रम् 3-1-26 हेतुमति च been used in the verses?

2. Which सूत्रम् prescribes the substitution ‘उस्’ in the form आजह्रु:?