Today we will look at the form तूर्येषु mLp/nLp from श्रीमद्भागवतम् 10.44.29.

गोपान्वयस्यानाकृष्य तैः संसृज्य विजह्रतुः । वाद्यमानेषु तूर्येषु वल्गन्तौ रुतनूपुरौ ।। १०-४४-२९ ।।
जनाः प्रजहृषुः सर्वे कर्मणा रामकृष्णयोः । ऋते कंसं विप्रमुख्याः साधवः साधु साध्विति ।। १०-४४-३० ।।

श्रीधर-स्वामि-टीका
वल्गन्तौ नृत्यादि कुर्वन्तौ ।। २९ ।। साधु साधु इति वदन्तः ।। ३० ।।

Gita Press translation – Drawing near them Their cowherd mates and closing with them, the two Brothers sported (in the arena), while the trumpets were being sounded, dancing (at intervals) with Their anklets jingling (29). With the exception of Kaṁsa all the people (present there) exceedingly rejoiced over the achievement of Balarāma and Śrī Kṛṣṇa. And pious men, including the foremost of the Brāhmaṇas, exclaimed, “Well done! bravo!!” (30)

तूर्येषु is सप्तमी-बहुवचनम् of the पुंल्लिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग-प्रातिपदिकम् ‘तूर्य’।

(1) तूर्य + सुप् । By 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टाभ्याम्भिस्ङेभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप्‌। As per the सूत्रम् 2-3-37 यस्य च भावेन भावलक्षणम्‌ – A seventh case affix (‘ङि’, ‘ओस्’, ‘सुप्’) is used following a प्रातिपदिकम् (nominal stem) which denotes the one (agent/object) whose action (the timing of which is known) gives an indication of (the timing of) another action.
Note: A सप्तमी used in this manner is called भावलक्षण-सप्तमी or भाव-सप्तमी or सत्-सप्तमी or सति-सप्तमी। In English it is called Locative Absolute.
Note: The action (लक्षण-क्रिया) in the absolute clause is generally expressed by using a participle ending in a कृत् affix. This participle (here ‘वाद्यमान’) – being in grammatical agreement with the प्रातिपदिकम् (here the object ‘तूर्य’) which denotes the agent/object of the action – also takes the seventh case affix.

(2) तूर्य + सु । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम् and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(3) तूर्ये + सु । By 7-3-103 बहुवचने झल्येत् – the ending letter ‘अ’ of a अङ्गम् changes to ‘ए’ when followed by a plural सुँप् affix beginning with a झल् letter.

(4) तूर्येषु । By 8-3-59 आदेशप्रत्यययोः – The letter ‘स्’ is replaced by the cerebral ‘ष्’ when preceded either by a letter of the इण्-प्रत्याहार: or a letter of the क-वर्ग: (‘क्’, ‘ख्’, ‘ग्’, ‘घ्’, ‘ङ्’)। This substitution only takes place if the ‘स्’ is an आदेश: (substitute) or part of a प्रत्यय: (affix.)

Questions:

1. Where has the सूत्रम् 2-3-37 यस्य च भावेन भावलक्षणम्‌ been used in verses 41-47 of Chapter One of the गीता?

2. In the absence of the सूत्रम् 2-3-37 यस्य च भावेन भावलक्षणम्‌ which case ending would have been used with ‘तूर्य’ (and ‘वाद्यमान’)?

3. Which सूत्रम् justifies the use of a third case affix in the form तै: used in the verses?

4. Where has the सूत्रम् 2-3-23 हेतौ been used in the verses?

5. In which word in the verses has the substitution ‘शतृँ’ (in place of ‘लँट्’) been used?

6. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“While Śrī Rāma was being crowned the gods showered flowers.” Use the verbal root √सिच् (षिचँ क्षरणे ६. १७०) preceded by the उपसर्ग: ‘अभि’ for ‘to crown.’

Easy questions:

1. From which verbal root is विजह्रतुः derived?

2. Which सूत्रम् prescribes the substitution ‘उस्’ in the form प्रजहृषुः?