Today we will look at the form यस्मै mDs from हितोपदेश: 2-53

किमप्यस्ति स्वभावेन सुन्दरं वाप्यसुन्दरम् । यदेव रोचते यस्मै भवेत् तत् तस्य सुन्दरम् ॥ २-५३ ॥

Translation – Is there anything by nature charming or not charming? That alone which is pleasing unto whom may be charming to him.

यस्मै is पुंलिङ्गे चतुर्थी-एकवचनम् of the सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिकम् ‘यद्’।

‘यद्’ (‘who’) gets the designation सम्‍प्रदानम् (recipient) by the सूत्रम् 1-4-33 रुच्यर्थानां प्रीयमाणः – When the verbal root √रुच् (रुचँ दीप्तावभिप्रीतौ च १. ८४७) or any of its synonyms is employed, that कारकम् (participant in the action) who is being pleased gets the designation सम्‍प्रदानम् (recipient.)

See question 1.

(1) यद् + ङे । By 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टाभ्याम्भिस्ङेभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिँभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप्। As per 2-3-13 चतुर्थी सम्प्रदाने – A fourth case affix (‘ङे’, ‘भ्याम्’, ‘भ्यस्’) is used to denote the सम्‍प्रदानम् (recipient) provided it has not been expressed otherwise.
Note: As per 1-4-104 विभक्तिश्च the affix ‘ङे’ has the designation विभक्ति:। This allows 7-2-102 to apply in the next step.

(2) य अ + ङे । By 7-2-102 त्यदादीनामः – The ending letter of the pronouns, starting with ‘त्यद्’ and ending with ‘द्वि’, is replaced by ‘अ’ when followed by a विभक्ति: affix. As per 1-1-52 अलोऽन्त्यस्य, only the ending letter ‘द्’ of the अङ्गम् ‘यद्’ is replaced by ‘अ’।

(3) य + ङे । By 6-1-97 अतो गुणे।

(4) यस्मै । By 7-1-14 सर्वनाम्न: स्मै – Following a pronoun ending in the letter ‘अ’, the affix ‘ङे’ is replaced by ‘स्मै’ ।

Questions:

1. In the present example ‘यद्’ (‘who’) would get which designation (instead of सम्‍प्रदानम्) in the absence of the सूत्रम् 1-4-33 रुच्यर्थानां प्रीयमाणः?

2. Commenting on the सूत्रम् 1-4-33 रुच्यर्थानां प्रीयमाणः the सिद्धान्तकौमुदी says – प्रीयमाण: किम्? देवदत्ताय रोचते मोदक: पथि। Please explain.

3. Commenting on the same सूत्रम् the तत्त्वबोधिनी says – यद्यपि रुचिर्दीप्तावपि पठ्यते तथापीह दीप्तिर्न विवक्षिता। Please explain.

4. Which वार्तिकम् justifies the use of the third case affix in the form स्वभावेन used in the verses?

5. Which कृत् affix is used to derive the प्रातिपदिकम् ‘भाव’ (used as part of the compound स्वभावेन)?

6. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“I like those people who like me.”

Easy questions:

1. Where has the सूत्रम् 2-4-72 अदिप्रभृतिभ्यः शपः been used in the verses?

2. Which सूत्रम् prescribes the substitution ‘ए’ in the form रोचते?