Today we will look at the form अलङ्‍कृत्य  ind from श्रीमद्भागवतम् 10.84.52.

ईजेऽनुयज्ञं विधिना अग्निहोत्रादिलक्षणैः । प्राकृतैर्वैकृतैर्यज्ञैर्द्रव्यज्ञानक्रियेश्वरम् ।। १०-८४-५१ ।।
अथर्त्विग्भ्योऽददात्काले यथाम्नातं स दक्षिणाः । स्वलङ्‍कृतेभ्योऽलङ्‍कृत्य गोभूकन्या महाधनाः ।। १०-८४-५२ ।।

श्रीधर-स्वामि-टीका
अनुयज्ञं प्रतियज्ञम् । आम्नातसर्वाङ्गाः प्राकृता ज्योतिष्टोमदर्शपूर्णमासादयस्तेभ्यश्चोदनालिङ्गादिभिरतिदेशप्राप्ताङ्गा वैकृताः सौरसत्रादयस्तैः सर्वैः । द्रव्यं पुरोडाशादि, ज्ञानं मन्त्रः, क्रिया कर्म, तेषामीश्वरम् ।। ५१ ।। ५२ ।।

Gita Press traslation – At the end of each sacrifice, Vasudeva performed, in accordance with the scriptural ordinance, the Agnihotra and other sacrifices as well as those falling under the category of Prākṛta and Vaikṛta sacrifices, and thereby worshiped and propitiated Viṣṇu (the Lord of all substances, rituals and the Mantras with which they are performed) (51). Then in due time he adorned the priests well (with clothes and ornaments) and gave them sacrificial fees and also gifted them duly adorned cow and girls as well as lands and abundant wealth as laid down in the scriptures (52).

(1) भूषयित्वा = अलङ्‍कृत्य – having adorned.

अलङ्कृत्य is derived from the verbal root √कृ (डुकृञ् करणे ८. १०) preceded by the term ‘अलम्’। ‘अलम्’ gets the designation गति: here as per 1-4-64 भूषणेऽलम् – The term ‘अलम्’ when denoting ‘decoration’ gets the designation ‘गति’ provided it is used in conjunction with a verb.

Note: ‘1-4-62 अनुकरणम्-‘ इत्यादि त्रिसूत्री स्वभावात्कृञ्विषया – The three rules 1-4-62 अनुकरणं चानितिपरम्, 1-4-63 आदरानादरयोः सदसती and 1-4-64 भूषणेऽलम् are naturally applicable only in the context where the verbal root √कृ (डुकृञ् करणे ८. १०) is in conjunction.

Note: ‘अलम्’ has four meanings – (i) प्रतिषेध: – negation/prohibition (ii) सामर्थ्यम् – capability (iii) पर्याप्ति: – enough/sufficient (iv) भूषणम् – decoration. Only in the last meaning ‘अलम्’ gets the designation ‘गति’।

Note: Besides accent considerations, the purpose of assigning the designation ‘गति’ is to facilitate compound formation prescribed by the सूत्रम् 2-2-18 कुगतिप्रादयः which in turn allows for the substitution ‘ल्यप्‌’ (in place of ‘क्त्वा’) prescribed by the सूत्रम् 7-1-37 समासेऽनञ्पूर्वे क्त्वो ल्यप्‌ (in step 5.)

Note: Since the term ‘अलम्’ has the designation ‘गति’ here it also gets the निपात-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-4-56 प्राग्रीश्वरान्निपाताः and hence the अव्यय-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-1-37 स्वरादिनिपातमव्ययम्।

(2) कृ + क्त्वा । By 3-4-21 समानकर्तृकयोः पूर्वकाले – The affix ‘क्त्वा’ is used following a verbal root which denotes a prior action relative to that of another verbal root, provided the agent of both the actions is the same. In the present example the later action (having the same agent – ‘he – Vasudeva’) is अददात् (‘gifted.’)

(3) अलौकिक-विग्रह: –

अलम् + कृ क्त्वा । By 2-2-18 कुगतिप्रादयः – The indeclinable ‘कु’, terms having the designation ‘गति’ (ref. 1-4-60 गतिश्च etc) as well as the terms ‘प्र’ etc. (ref. 1-4-58 प्रादयः) invariably compound with a syntactically related term and the resulting compound gets the designation तत्पुरुष:।

Note: The अनुवृत्ति: of नित्यम् (invariably) comes down from the prior सूत्रम् 2-2-17 नित्यं क्रीडाजीविकयोः।

(4) By 1-2-43 प्रथमानिर्दिष्टं समास उपसर्जनम् – the term ‘अलम्’ gets the designation उपसर्जनम् because in the सूत्रम् 2-2-18 (which prescribes the compounding) the term कुगतिप्रादयः ends in the nominative case. Hence the term ‘अलम्’ is placed in the prior position in the compound as per the सूत्रम् 2-2-30 उपसर्जनं पूर्वम्‌ – In a compound a term which has the designation ‘उपसर्जन’ should be placed in the prior position.

Note: ‘अलम् + कृ क्त्वा’ gets the designation प्रातिपदिकम्‌ by 1-2-46 कृत्तद्धितसमासाश्च।

(5) अलम् + कृ ल्यप् । By 7-1-37 समासेऽनञ्पूर्वे क्त्वो ल्यप्‌ – When the affix ‘क्त्वा’ occurs at the end of a compound, it is replaced by ‘ल्यप्’ provided the prior member of the compound is a अव्ययम् other than ‘नञ्’ (ref. 2-2-6).

Note: As per 1-1-56 स्थानिवदादेशोऽनल्विधौ, the substitution ‘ल्यप्’ (in place of the affix ‘क्त्वा’) inherits the property of being a कित् (having the letter ‘क्’ as a इत्) affix with the designation of कृत् (by 3-1-93) and आर्धधातुकम् (by 3-4-114.)

(6) अलम् + कृ य । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-8 लशक्वतद्धिते and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

Note: 1-1-5 क्क्ङिति च prevents 7-3-84 सार्वधातुकार्धधातुकयोः from applying.

(7) अलम् + कृ तुँक् य By 6-1-71 ह्रस्वस्य पिति कृति तुक् – When followed by a कृत् affix which is a पित् (has the letter ‘प्’ as a इत्), a short vowel takes the augment ‘तुँक्’। As per 1-1-46 आद्यन्तौ टकितौ, the augment ‘तुँक्’ joins after the short vowel ‘ऋ’।

(8) अलम् + कृ त् य । अनुबन्ध-लोप: by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत् and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(9) अलं + कृत्य । By 8-3-23 मोऽनुस्वारः।

(10) अलंकृत्य/अलङ्‍कृत्य । By 8-4-59 वा पदान्तस्य।

‘अलंकृत्य/अलङ्‍कृत्य’ gets the अव्यय-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-1-40 क्त्वातोसुन्कसुनः with the help of 1-1-56 स्थानिवदादेशोऽनल्विधौ। This allows 2-4-82 to apply below.

(11) अलंकृत्य/अलङ्‍कृत्य + सुँ (default) । By 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टाभ्याम्भिस्ङेभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिँभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप्।

(12) अलंकृत्य/अलङ्‍कृत्य । By 2-4-82 अव्ययादाप्सुपः – The feminine affix आप् and सुँप् affixes that are prescribed after a अव्ययम् take the लुक् elision.

Questions:

1. Commenting on the सूत्रम् 1-4-64 भूषणेऽलम् (used in step 1) the काशिका says – भूषण इति किम्? अलं भुक्त्वौदनं गतः। Please explain.

2. Which सूत्रम् justifies the use of a fourth case affix in the form ऋत्विग्भ्य: (and स्वलङ्कृतेभ्य:) used in the verses?

3. Which कृत् affix is used to form the feminine प्रातिपदिकम् ‘क्रिया’ (used as part of the compound द्रव्यज्ञानक्रियेश्वरम् in the verses)?

4. What kind of compound is यथाम्नातम्?
i. अव्ययीभाव:
ii. कर्मधारय:
iii. षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष:
iv. नञ्-तत्पुरुष:

5. Where has the सूत्रम् 3-3-115 ल्युट् च been used in the commentary?

6. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“Having adorned Sītā with excellent clothes and ornaments, King Janaka gave (her) to Śrī Rāma.”

Easy questions:

1. From which verbal root is the form ईजे derived?

2. Where has the सूत्रम् 6-1-10 श्लौ been used in the verses?