Today we will look at the form राजपुत्रीम् fAs from श्रीमद्भागवतम् 10.53.28.

एवं वध्वाः प्रतीक्षन्त्या गोविन्दागमनं नृप । वाम ऊरुर्भुजो नेत्रमस्फुरन्प्रियभाषिणः ।। १०-५३-२७ ।।
अथ कृष्णविनिर्दिष्टः स एव द्विजसत्तमः । अन्तःपुरचरीं देवीं राजपुत्रीं ददर्श ह ।। १०-५३-२८।।

श्रीधर-स्वामि-टीका
प्रियभाषिणः प्रियसूचकाः ।। २७ ।। पुरोपवनं प्राप्तेन श्रीकृष्णेन विनिर्दिष्टः प्राप्तं मां कथयेत्यादिष्टः ।। २८ ।।

Gita Press translation – (Meanwhile) the left thigh, arm and eye of the bride, who had thus been awaiting the arrival of Śrī Kṛṣṇa (the Protector of cows), throbbed, auguring delightful news, O king! (27) Specially instructed by Śrī Kṛṣṇa (to report His arrival), the same Sunanda (the foremost of the Brāhmaṇas) – so the tradition goes – forthwith saw the princess, who dwelt in the gynaeceum and shone brightly (with joy born of her meeting with Śrī Kṛṣṇa in contemplation) (28).

लौकिक-विग्रह: –
(1) राजपुत्री = राज्ञः पुत्री – king’s daughter (princess).
Note: The sixth case affix in राज्ञ: is as per the सूत्रम् 2-3-50 षष्ठी शेषे।

अलौकिक-विग्रह: –
(2) राजन् ङस् + पुत्री सुँ । By 2-2-8 षष्ठी – A पदम् ending in a sixth case affix optionally compounds with a (syntactically related) पदम् ending in a सुँप् affix and the resulting compound gets the designation तत्पुरुष:।

(3) By 1-2-43 प्रथमानिर्दिष्टं समास उपसर्जनम् – the term ‘राजन् ङस्’ gets the designation उपसर्जनम् because in the सूत्रम् 2-2-8 (which prescribes the compounding) the term षष्ठी ends in the nominative case. Hence ‘राजन् ङस्’ is placed in the prior position in the compound as per the सूत्रम् 2-2-30 उपसर्जनं पूर्वम्‌ – In a compound a term which has the designation ‘उपसर्जन’ should be placed in the prior position.

Note: ‘राजन् ङस् + पुत्री सुँ’ gets the designation प्रातिपदिकम्‌ by 1-2-46 कृत्तद्धितसमासाश्च। This allows 2-4-71 to apply in the next step.

(4) राजन् + पुत्री । By 2-4-71 सुपो धातुप्रातिपदिकयोः – A सुँप् affix takes a लुक् elision when it is a part of a धातुः or a प्रातिपदिकम्।

Note: Here ‘राजन्’ has the designation पदम् as per 1-4-14 सुप्तिङन्तं पदम् with the help of 1-1-62 प्रत्ययलोपे प्रत्ययलक्षणम्। This allows 8-2-7 नलोपः प्रातिपदिकान्तस्य to apply in the next step.

(5) राजपुत्री । By 8-2-7 नलोप: प्रातिपदिकान्तस्य – The ending letter ‘न्’ of a पदम् is dropped when the पदम् also has the designation प्रातिपदिकम्।

Note: As per the सूत्रम् 2-4-26 परवल्लिङ्गं द्वन्द्वतत्पुरुषयोः, the compound प्रातिपदिकम् ‘राजपुत्री’ is feminine since the latter member ‘पुत्री’ of the compound is feminine. The compound declines like नदी-शब्द:।

The विवक्षा is द्वितीया-एकवचनम्।

(6) राजपुत्री + अम् । By 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टाभ्याम्भिस्ङेभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप्‌।

(7) राजपुत्रीम् । By 6-1-107 अमि पूर्वः – In place of a preceding अक् letter and the following vowel (अच्) belonging to the affix ‘अम्’ there is a single substitute of that preceding अक् letter.

Questions:

1. Where has the सूत्रम् 2-2-8 षष्ठी (used in step 2) been used for the first time in the गीता?

2. In which word in the verses has the affix ‘ट’ been used?

3. Where has the सूत्रम् 2-1-32 कर्तृकरणे कृता बहुलम्‌ been used in the verses?

4. Why is प्रतीक्षन्त्या: (स्त्रीलिङ्ग-प्रातिपदिकम् ‘प्रतीक्षन्ती’, षष्ठी-एकवचनम्) a आर्ष-प्रयोग: (grammatically irregular form)?

5. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“Among the sons of Daśaratha, Śrī Rāma was the eldest.”

6. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“Śrī Hanumān killed Akṣa the son of Rāvaṇa.”

Easy questions:

1. Which सूत्रम् prescribes the augment ‘आट्’ in the form वध्वाः (स्त्रीलिङ्ग-प्रातिपदिकम् ‘वधू’, षष्ठी-एकवचनम्)?

2. In which word in the commentary has the affix ‘णिच्’ been used?