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गजभीतः mNs

Today we will look at the form गजभीतः mNs from श्रीमद्भागवतम् 5.13.18.

द्रुमेषु रंस्यन्सुतदारवत्सलो व्यवायदीनो विवशः स्वबन्धने । क्वचित्प्रमादाद्गिरिकन्दरे पतन्वल्लीं गृहीत्वा गजभीत आस्थितः ।। ५-१३-१८ ।।
अतः कथञ्चित्स विमुक्त आपदः पुनश्च सार्थं प्रविशत्यरिन्दम । अध्वन्यमुष्मिन्नजया निवेशितो भ्रमञ्जनोऽद्यापि न वेद कश्चन ।। ५-१३-१९ ।।

श्रीधर-स्वामि-टीका
द्रुमवत्केवलदृष्टार्थेषु गृहेषु । व्यवायदीनः सुरतेच्छया कृपणः । एवं स्वस्य यद्बन्धनं प्राप्तं तस्मिन्विवशः परिहर्तुमशक्तः । पाठान्तरे तु वने संसारे चरन्नित्यर्थः । गिरिकन्दरवदतिभयानके रोगादिदुःखे पतन्कन्दरस्थगजतुल्यान्मृत्योर्भीत: सन् वल्लीतुल्यं प्राचीनं कर्मावलम्ब्यावस्थितो भवति ।। १८ ।। सार्थं प्रविशति यथापूर्वं प्रवृत्तिमार्गे रमते । न वेद परमपुरुषार्थम् ।। १९ ।।

Gita Press translation – Seeking delight in trees and fond of sons and wife, they are (ever) impatient with the animal desire for sexual indulgence and powerless to get rid of their bondage. When falling into some ravine through inadvertence, (a stray member of) this company catches hold of some creeper and remains suspended by it, afraid of the elephant (below) (18). Somehow extricated from this calamity, however, he joins the company once more, O chastiser of foes! No one put on this track by Māyā (the deluding potency of the Lord, that has no beginning), and wandering (along it) is able to cognize the supreme object of life even to this day (19).

लौकिक-विग्रह: –
(1) गजभीतः = गजाद् भीतः – afraid of (from) the elephant.
Note: As per the सूत्रम् 2-3-28 अपादाने पञ्चमी a fifth case affix is used following the प्रातिपदिकम् ‘गज’ which has the designation अपादानम् here as per the सूत्रम् 1-4-25 भीत्रार्थानां भयहेतुः।

अलौकिक-विग्रह: –
(2) गज ङसिँ + भीत सुँ । By 2-1-37 पञ्चमी भयेन – A पदम् ending in a fifth case affix optionally compounds with a (syntactically related) पदम् (formed by adding a सुँप् affix to) ‘भय’ and the resulting compound gets the designation तत्पुरुष:। As per the वार्तिकम् (under the सूत्रम् 2-1-37भयभीतभीतिभीभिरिति वाच्यम्‌ – In the सूत्रम् 2-1-37 पञ्चमी भयेन, the word भयेन should be extended to भयभीतभीतिभीभि:।

(3) By 1-2-43 प्रथमानिर्दिष्टं समास उपसर्जनम् – the term ‘गज ङसिँ’ gets the designation उपसर्जनम् because in the सूत्रम् 2-1-37 (which prescribes the compounding) the term पञ्चमी ends in the nominative case. Hence ‘गज ङसिँ’ is placed in the prior position in the compound as per the सूत्रम् 2-2-30 उपसर्जनं पूर्वम्‌ – In a compound a term which has the designation ‘उपसर्जन’ should be placed in the prior position.

Note: ‘गज ङसिँ + भीत सुँ’ gets the designation प्रातिपदिकम्‌ by 1-2-46 कृत्तद्धितसमासाश्च। This allows 2-4-71 to apply in the next step.

(4) गज + भीत । By 2-4-71 सुपो धातुप्रातिपदिकयोः – A सुँप् affix takes a लुक् elision when it is a part of a धातुः or a प्रातिपदिकम्।

= गजभीत ।

Note: As per the सूत्रम् 2-4-26 परवल्लिङ्गं द्वन्द्वतत्पुरुषयोः, the compound प्रातिपदिकम् ‘गजभीत’ is masculine since the latter member ‘भीत’ of the compound is used here in the masculine. The compound declines like राम-शब्द:।

The विवक्षा is प्रथमा-एकवचनम्।

(5) गजभीत + सुँ । By 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टाभ्याम्भिस्ङेभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिँभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप्

(6) गजभीत + स् । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत् and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(7) गजभीत: । रुँत्व-विसर्गौ by 8-2-66 ससजुषो रुः and 8-3-15 खरवसानयोर्विसर्जनीयः

Questions:

1. In verses 30-40 of Chapter Eleven of the गीता where has the सूत्रम् 2-1-37 पञ्चमी भयेन (used in step 2) been used along with the वार्तिकम् (under the सूत्रम् 2-1-37) भयभीतभीतिभीभिरिति वाच्यम्‌?

2. Where has the सूत्रम् 3-3-14 लृटः सद् वा been used in the verses?

3. In which word in the verses does the augment मुँम् occur?

4. Which कृत् affix (prescribed by which वार्तिकम्) is used to form the feminine प्रातिपदिकम् ‘आपद्’ used in the form आपद: (पञ्चमी-एकवचनम्) in the verses?

5. Can you spot a अव्ययीभाव-समास: in the commentary?

6. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“Afraid of (from) Kumbhakarṇa, the monkeys fled in all directions.” Paraphrase to “Afraid of (from) Kumbhakarṇa, the monkeys took to the directions.” Use the verbal root √भज् (भजँ सेवायाम् १.११५३) for “to take to.”

Easy questions:

1. Can you spot the affix ‘श’ in the verses?

2. What is the alternate form for the word वेद used in the verses?

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