Today we will look at the form शरताडितः  mNs from श्रीमद्-वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् 6.59.107.

निकृत्तचापं त्रिभिराजघान बाणैस्तदा दाशरथिः शिताग्रैः । स सायकार्तो विचचाल राजा कृच्छ्राच्च संज्ञां पुनराससाद ।। ६-५९-१०६ ।।
स कृत्तचापः शरताडितश्च मेदार्द्रगात्रो रुधिरावसिक्तः । जग्राह शक्तिं स्वयमुग्रशक्तिः स्वयम्भुदत्तां युधि देवशत्रुः ।। ६-५९-१०७ ।।
स तां सधूमानलसंनिकाशां वित्रासनां संयति वानराणाम् । चिक्षेप शक्तिं तरसा ज्वलन्तीं सौमित्रये राक्षसराष्ट्रनाथः ।। ६-५९-१०८ ।।

Gita Press translation – Lakṣmaṇa (son of Daśaratha) then struck Rāvaṇa (whose bow had been cut to pieces) with three sharp-pointed arrows. Hurt by the shafts, the aforesaid king swooned and recovered his consciousness with difficulty (106). Struck with arrows and bathed in blood, his bow having been cut, and his limbs splattered with fat, Rāvaṇa (the enemy of gods), who was himself endowed with formidable energy, seized on the battlefield a javelin gifted (to him) by Brahmā (the self-born creator) (107). That guardian of the ogre kingdom flung with fury at Lakṣmaṇa that flaming javelin, which shone brightly like a fire crowned with smoke and constituted the terror of the monkeys on the field of battle (108).

लौकिक-विग्रह: –
(1) शरताडितः = शरैस्ताडितः – Struck with arrows.
Note: As per the सूत्रम् 2-3-18 कर्तृकरणयोस्तृतीया a third case affix is used following the प्रातिपदिकम् ‘शर’ which denotes the instrument of the action.

अलौकिक-विग्रह: –
(2) शर भिस् + ताडित सुँ । By 2-1-32 कर्तृकरणे कृता बहुलम्‌ – A पदम् ending in a third case affix – denoting either the agent or the instrument of the action – variously compounds with (a syntactically related पदम् composed by adding a सुँप् affix to) a term ending in a कृत् affix (ref. 3-1-93 कृदतिङ्) and the resulting compound gets the designation तत्पुरुष:।

(3) By 1-2-43 प्रथमानिर्दिष्टं समास उपसर्जनम् – the term ‘शर भिस्’ gets the designation उपसर्जनम् because in the सूत्रम् 2-1-32 (which prescribes the compounding) the term तृतीया (which comes as अनुवृत्ति: from 2-1-30 तृतीया तत्कृतार्थेन गुणवचनेन) ends in the nominative case. Hence ‘शर भिस्’ is placed in the prior position in the compound as per the सूत्रम् 2-2-30 उपसर्जनं पूर्वम्‌ – In a compound a term which has the designation ‘उपसर्जन’ should be placed in the prior position.

Note: ‘शर भिस् + ताडित सुँ’ gets the designation प्रातिपदिकम्‌ by 1-2-46 कृत्तद्धितसमासाश्च। This allows 2-4-71 to apply in the next step.

(4) शर + ताडित । By 2-4-71 सुपो धातुप्रातिपदिकयोः – A सुँप् affix takes a लुक् elision when it is a part of a धातुः or a प्रातिपदिकम्।

= शरताडित ।

As per the सूत्रम् 2-4-26 परवल्लिङ्गं द्वन्द्वतत्पुरुषयोः, the compound प्रातिपदिकम् ‘शरताडित’ is masculine here since the latter member ‘ताडित’ of the compound is used here in the masculine. (The entire compound is qualifying सः (रावणः)।)

The विवक्षा is प्रथमा-एकवचनम्।

(5) शरताडित + सुँ । By 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टाभ्याम्भिस्ङेभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिँभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप्।

(6) शरताडित + स् । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत् and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(7) शरताडित: । रुँत्व-विसर्गौ by 8-2-66 ससजुषो रुः and 8-3-15 खरवसानयोर्विसर्जनीयः।

Questions:

1. Where has the सूत्रम् 2-1-32 कर्तृकरणे कृता बहुलम्‌ been used in the last five verses of Chapter Seventeen of the गीता?

2. Which सूत्रम् prescribes the elision of the affix णिच् in the form ‘ताडित’?

3. Which कृत् affix is used to form the feminine प्रातिपदिकम् ‘संज्ञा’ used in the form संज्ञाम् (द्वितीया-एकवचनम्) in the verses?

4. Where has the सूत्रम् 3-2-124 लटः शतृशानचावप्रथमासमानाधिकरणे been used in the verses?

5. Which वार्तिकम् justifies the use of the affix क्विँप् in the formation of the feminine प्रातिपदिकम् ‘युध्’ used in the form युधि (सप्तमी-एकवचनम्) in the verses?

6. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“That which is seen by the eyes is real.” Use the adjective ‘सत्य’ for ‘real.’

Easy questions:

1. Why doesn’t the सूत्रम् 6-4-120 अत एकहल्मध्येऽनादेशादेर्लिटि apply in the form विचचाल? (Which condition is not satisfied?)

2. In how many places in the verses has the सूत्रम् 7-4-62 कुहोश्चुः been used?