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तारकाचित्रम् nNs

Today we will look at the form तारकाचित्रम्  nNs from रामोपाख्यानम् in the महाभारतम् 3.275.20.

ततोऽन्तरिक्षं तत्सर्वं देवगन्धर्वसंकुलम् । शुशुभे तारकाचित्रं शरदीव नभस्तलम् ।। ३-२७५-२० ।।
तत उत्थाय वैदेही तेषां मध्ये यशस्विनी । उवाच वाक्यं कल्याणी रामं पृथुलवक्षसम् ।। ३-२७४-२१ ।।
राजपुत्र न ते कोपं करोमि विदिता हि मे । गतिः स्त्रीणां नराणां च शृणु चेदं वचो मम ।। ३-२७४-२२ ।।

Translation – Then the entire atmosphere filled with gods and Gandharvas shone like the surface of the sky bright with stars in autumn (20).Then the noble princess of Videha stood up glorious in their midst and spoke this speech to the broad chested Rāma: “Prince, I am not angry at you, for I know the way of women and of men, but listen to my speech.” (21-22)

लौकिक-विग्रह: –
(1) तारकाभिश्चित्रम् = तारकाचित्रम् – bright with stars.
Note: As per the सूत्रम् 2-3-18 कर्तृकरणयोस्तृतीया a third case affix is used following the प्रातिपदिकम् ‘तारका’ which denotes the करणम् (instrument) of the action of making bright.

अलौकिक-विग्रह: –
(2) तारका भिस् + चित्र सुँ । By 2-1-30 तृतीया तत्कृतार्थेन गुणवचनेन – (As per the महाभाष्यम्) this सूत्रम् consists of two parts – i) तृतीया तत्कृतेन गुणवचनेन – A पदम् ending in a third case affix optionally compounds with a (syntactically related) पदम् which denotes that which possesses a property instrumentally caused by that which is denoted by the पदम् ending in a third case affix and the resulting compound gets the designation तत्पुरुष:।
ii) अर्थेन – A पदम् ending in a third case affix optionally compounds with a (syntactically related) पदम् (composed by adding a सुँप् affix to) ‘अर्थ’ (wealth) and the resulting compound gets the designation तत्पुरुष:।

See question 1.

(3) By 1-2-43 प्रथमानिर्दिष्टं समास उपसर्जनम् – the term ‘तारका भिस्’ gets the designation उपसर्जनम् because in the सूत्रम् 2-1-30 (which prescribes the compounding) the term तृतीया ends in the nominative case. Hence ‘तारका भिस्’ is placed in the prior position in the compound as per the सूत्रम् 2-2-30 उपसर्जनं पूर्वम्‌ – In a compound a term which has the designation ‘उपसर्जन’ should be placed in the prior position.

Note: ‘तारका भिस् + चित्र सुँ’ gets the designation प्रातिपदिकम्‌ by 1-2-46 कृत्तद्धितसमासाश्च। This allows 2-4-71 to apply in the next step.

(4) तारका + चित्र । By 2-4-71 सुपो धातुप्रातिपदिकयोः – A सुँप् affix takes a लुक् elision when it is a part of a धातुः or a प्रातिपदिकम्।

= तारकाचित्र ।

As per the सूत्रम् 2-4-26 परवल्लिङ्गं द्वन्द्वतत्पुरुषयोः, the compound प्रातिपदिकम् ‘तारकाचित्र’ is neuter here since the latter member ‘चित्र’ of the compound is used here in the neuter. (The entire compound is qualifying नभस्तलम्।)

The विवक्षा is प्रथमा-एकवचनम्।

(5) तारकाचित्र + सुँ । By 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टाभ्याम्भिस्ङेभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप्‌।

(6) तारकाचित्र + अम् । By 7-1-24 अतोऽम् – The affixes ‘सुँ’ and ‘अम्’ that follow a neuter अङ्गम् ending in the short vowel ‘अ’ take ‘अम्’ as their replacement.
1-3-4 न विभक्तौ तुस्माः prevents the ending letter ‘म्’ of the affix ‘अम्’ from getting इत्-सञ्ज्ञा।

(7) तारकाचित्रम् । By 6-1-107 अमि पूर्वः – In place of a preceding अक् letter and the following vowel (अच्) belonging to the affix ‘अम्’ there is a single substitute of that preceding अक् letter.

Questions:

1. Commenting on the सूत्रम् 2-1-30 तृतीया तत्कृतार्थेन गुणवचनेन (used in step 2) the सिद्धान्तकौमुदी says तत्कृतेति लुप्ततृतीयाकम्‌। Please explain.

2. Commenting further on the same सूत्रम् the सिद्धान्तकौमुदी says तत्कृतेति किम्‌? अक्ष्णा काण:। Please explain.

3. Commenting on the same सूत्रम् the तत्त्वबोधिनी says – गुणवचनेनेति किम्? गोभिर्वपावान्। गोसंबन्धिदध्यादिभोजनेन देवदत्तस्य वपावत्त्वमित्यस्ति तत्कृतत्वं, न त्वसौ गुणवचनः। Please explain.

4. Where has the सूत्रम् 7-1-37 समासेऽनञ्पूर्वे क्त्वो ल्यप्‌ been used in the verses?

5. Which सूत्रम् prescribes the affix क्तिन् in the form गति:?

6. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“The ground here is white with snow.”

Easy questions:

1. Which सूत्रम् prescribes the substitution ‘ए’ in the form शुशुभे?

2. Where has the सूत्रम् 6-4-106 उतश्च प्रत्ययादसंयोगपूर्वात्‌ been used in the verses?

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