Today we will look at the form पृथुश्रवसः mGs from श्रीमद्भागवतम् 9.23.33.

चतुर्दशमहारत्नश्चक्रवर्त्यपराजितः । तस्य पत्नीसहस्राणां दशानां सुमहायशाः ।। ९-२३-३२ ।।
दशलक्षसहस्राणि पुत्राणां तास्वजीजनत् । तेषां तु षट्प्रधानानां पृथुश्रवस आत्मजः ।। ९-२३-३३ ।।
धर्मो नामोशना तस्य हयमेधशतस्य याट् । तत्सुतो रुचकस्तस्य पञ्चासन्नात्मजाः शृणु ।। ९-२३-३४ ।।

श्रीधर-स्वामि-टीका –
चतुर्दशमहारत्नानि तत्तज्जातिश्रेष्ठानि यस्य सः । तानि च मार्कण्डेयपुराणे वर्णितानि – ‘गजवाजिरथस्त्रीषुनिधिमाल्याम्बरद्रुमाः ।। शक्तिपाशमणिच्छत्रविमानानि चतुर्दश ।।’ इति । दशानां पत्नीसहस्राणां भार्यायुतस्य प्रत्येकं लक्षं लक्षमित्येवं तासु पुत्राणां दशलक्षसहस्राणि जनयामास ।। ३२ ।। पृथुश्रवाः पृथुकीर्तिः पृथुयशा इत्यादयः षट्प्रधानाः श्रेष्ठा येषां तेषां मध्ये ।। ३३ ।। पञ्च आत्मजा आसंस्तान् शृणु ।। ३४ ।।

Gita Press translation – He was possessed of (all) the fourteen varieties of excellent jewels, ruled over the entire globe and was invincible. Through his ten thousand wives that exceedingly renowned emperor begot a thousand million sons (a lakh through each). Of those (thousand million) sons, of whom six (viz., Pṛthuśravā and others) were the foremost, the son of Pṛthuśravā was Dharma by name, whose son was Uśanā, who performed a hundred horse-sacrifices. His son was Rucaka, who had five sons. (Please) hear of them (32-34).

पृथुश्रवसः is पुंलिङ्गे षष्ठी-एकवचनम् of the प्रातिपदिकम् ‘पृथुश्रवस्’।

(1) पृथुश्रवस् + ङस् । By 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टाभ्याम्भिस्ङेभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिँभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप्। As per the 2-3-50 षष्ठी शेषे – A sixth case affix (‘ङस्’, ‘ओस्’, ‘आम्’) is used in the remaining sense, which is that of a syntactic relation – for example the relation between the owner and the owned – which is other than that expressed by a कारकम् (a participant in the action) and that of (only) the meaning of the प्रातिपदिकम् (nominal stem.)
Note: It is the qualifier (विशेषणम्) which takes the sixth case affix, and not the one qualified (विशेष्यम्)।
In the present example, the sixth case affix in पृथुश्रवसः expresses जन्यजनकभावसम्बन्ध: – the relationship between the begotten (‘आत्मज’) and the begetter (‘पृथुश्रवस्’)। ‘आत्मज’ (the son) is being qualified by his relation to ‘पृथुश्रवस्’ (Pṛthuśravā, the father) and hence ‘पृथुश्रवस्’ takes the sixth case affix.

(2) पृथुश्रवस् + अस् । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-8 लशक्वतद्धिते and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः। 1-3-4 न विभक्तौ तुस्माः prevents the ending letter ‘स्’ of ‘ङस्’ from getting इत्-सञ्ज्ञा।

(3) पृथुश्रवसः । रुँत्व-विसर्गौ by 8-2-66 ससजुषो रुः and 8-3-15 खरवसानयोर्विसर्जनीयः।

Questions:

1. Where has a sixth case affix been used to express जन्यजनकभावसम्बन्ध: in verses 20-30 of Chapter Eleven of the गीता?

2. Can you spot the affix ‘ड’ in the verses?

3. Where has the सूत्रम् 7-4-94 दीर्घो लघोः been used in the verses?

4. Which कृत् affix is used to form the प्रातिपदिकम् ‘निधि’ (used in the compound गजवाजिरथस्त्रीषुनिधिमाल्याम्बरद्रुमाः in the commentary)?

5. Which सूत्रम् prescribes the elision of the affix णिच् in the form वर्णितानि used in the commentary?

6. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“Among the four sons of king Daśaratha, Śrī Rāma was the eldest.” Use the adjective प्रातिपदिकम् ‘ज्येष्ठ’ for ‘eldest.’

Easy questions:

1. Which सूत्रम् prescribes the substitution ‘अनँङ्’ in the form उशना?

2. Where has the गण-सूत्रम् – जनीजॄष्क्नसुरञ्जोऽमन्ताश्च been used in the commentary?