Today we will look at the form परितोषात् m-Ab-s from अभिज्ञान-शकुन्तलम् 1-2.

आ परितोषाद्विदुषां न साधु मन्ये प्रयोगविज्ञानम् ।
बलवदपि शिक्षितानामात्मन्यप्रत्ययं चेतः ।। २ ।।

Translation – I do not consider skill in the representation of plays to be good (perfect) until (it causes) the satisfaction of the learned (audience); the mind of even those who are very well instructed has no confidence in itself.

परितोषात् is पञ्चमी-एकवचनम् of the पुंलिङ्ग-प्रातिपदिकम् ‘परितोष’।

(1) परितोष + ङसिँ । By 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टाभ्याम्भिस्ङेभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिँभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप्। As per 2-3-10 पञ्चम्यपाङ्परिभिः – A fifth case affix (‘ङसिँ’, ‘भ्याम्’, ‘भ्यस्’) is used following a प्रातिपदिकम् (nominal stem) co-occurring with ‘अप’/’परि’/’आङ्’ used as a कर्मप्रवचनीय:। In the present example ‘परितोष’ is co-occurring with ‘आङ्’ which has the designation कर्मप्रवचनीय: here as per 1-4-89 आङ् मर्यादावचने – The term ‘आङ्’ gets the designation कर्मप्रवचनीय: when used in the meaning of ‘up to (but excluding) a limit.’ Note: The ending consonant ‘ङ्’ of ‘आङ्’ is a इत् as per 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम् and is elided by 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

See question 2.

(2) परितोष + आत् । By 7-1-12 टाङसिङसामिनात्स्याः – Following a अङ्गम् ending in the letter ‘अ’, the affixes ‘टा’, ‘ङसिँ’ and ‘ङस्’ are replaced respectively by ‘इन’, ‘आत्’ and ‘स्य’। Note: Since the substitute ‘आत्’ has more than one letter, as per the परिभाषा-सूत्रम् 1-1-55 अनेकाल्शित्सर्वस्य, the entire affix (and not just its last letter) is replaced by ‘आत्’।
1-3-4 न विभक्तौ तुस्माः prevents the ending letter ‘त्’ of ‘आत्’ from getting the इत्-सञ्ज्ञा।

(3) परितोषात् । By 6-1-101 अकः सवर्णे दीर्घः।

Questions:

1. Where has the combination of 1-4-89 आङ् मर्यादावचने and 2-3-10 पञ्चम्यपाङ्परिभिः been used in Chapter Eight of the गीता?

2. Commenting on the सूत्रम् 1-4-89 आङ् मर्यादावचने (used in step 1) the सिद्धान्तकौमुदी says – वचनग्रहणादभिविधावपि। Please explain.

3. Commenting on the सूत्रम् 2-3-10 पञ्चम्यपाङ्परिभिः (used in step 1) the सिद्धान्तकौमुदी says – परिरत्र वर्जने। To this the तत्त्वबोधिनी adds the comment – अत्र पञ्चमीविधौ वर्जनार्थेनापेन साहचर्यादिति भाव:। Please explain.

4. Which कृत् affix is used to form the प्रातिपदिकम् ‘परितोष’?

5. Can you spot the (optional) substitution ‘वसुँ’ (in place of ‘शतृँ’) in the verse?

6. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“I do not consider knowledge to be good (perfect) until (it gives rise to) humility.” To form a प्रातिपदिकम् for ‘humility’ use the affix अच् (prescribed by the सूत्रम् 3-3-56 एरच्) following the verbal root √नी (णीञ् प्रापणे #१. १०४९) preceded by the उपसर्ग: ‘वि’।

Easy questions:

1. Which सूत्रम् prescribes the सम्प्रसारणम् in the form विदुषाम्?

2. Where has the affix श्यन् been used in the verses?