Examples of इको यणचि
Today we will look at the application of 6-1-77 इको यणचि briefly and provide a couple of examples to demonstrate its usage. The वृत्तिः for this sutra from Laghu Siddhanta Kaumudi goes as:
इकः स्थाने यण् स्यादचि संहितायां विषये When an अच् letter follows in close proximity (संहितायाम्), then in place of a इक् letter a यण् letter is substituted.
The pratyahara’s इक् and यण् are as follows:
इक् = इ उ ऋ ऌ
यण् = य् व् र् ल्
Here are a couple of examples from Bhagavad Gita that use this sandhi rule:
Example 1 – Excerpt from Bg1-10
पर्याप्तं त्विदमेतेषाम्
तु + इदम्
Here उ is an इक् letter and the अच् इ follows, therefore उ gets replaced व्
त् व् इदम् = त्विदम्
Example 2 – Excerpt from Bg6-2
न ह्यसन्न्यस्तसङ्कल्पः
हि + असन्न्यस्तसङ्कल्पः
The इ is an इक् and the अच् अ follows, therefore इ gets replaced य्,
ह् य् असन्न्यस्तसङ्कल्पः = ह्यसन्नस्तसङ्कल्पः
Questions:
1. Where, if any, is the sutram 6-1-77 इकोयणचि applied in the following snippets:
ब्रवीमि भो इत्यृचः
तद् दूरे तद्वन्तिके
घस्लादेशः
2. Why doesn’t the वृत्तिः for 6-1-77 इको यणचि provide a one-to-one mapping between the स्थानी (letter to be replaced) and the अादेशः (the replacement)? For e.g it should’ve said “replace इ with य् , उ with व्” etc. The वृत्तिः for another sutra 6-1-78 एचोऽयवायावः explicitly states how each स्थानी should be replaced with the corresponding अादेशः by using the परिभाषासूत्रम् 1-3-10 यथासंख्यमनुदेशः समानाम् But nothing of that sort is mentioned in 6-1-77 इको यणचि What could be the reason behind this?
3. Is there a scenario when this rule cannot be applied? If so, can you quote the Pannini sutra and a few examples?
कर्णः mNs
Today, we will look at the steps to derive the प्रथमा, विभक्तिः, एकवचनम् रूपम् (Nominative singular form) of ‘कर्ण’ (भगवद्गीता 1.8).
1. कर्ण (Gets the प्रातिपदिक संज्ञा by अर्थवदधातुरप्रत्ययः प्रातिपदिकम्। 1.2.45)
2. कर्ण + सुँ (By स्वौजसमौट्छष्टाभ्याम्भिस्ङेभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप् 4.1.2, the प्रत्ययs सुँ etc. are mandated after कर्ण, since it has the प्रातिपदिक संज्ञा. The sutram in turn is under the अधिकार सूत्रs प्रत्ययः। 3.1.1, परश्च। 3.1.2 and ङ्याप्प्रातिपदिकात्। 4.1.1. The entire term, along with the pratyaya gets the पद संज्ञा by सुप्तिङन्तं पदम्। 1.4.14)
3. कर्ण + स् (उँ gets the इत् संज्ञा by उपदेशेजनुनासिक इत्। 1.3.2 and it takes लोप by तस्य लोपः। 1.3.9)
4. कर्ण + रुँ (रुँ आदेश by ससजुषो रुँ:। 8.2.66. रुँ is an आदेश for the entire पदम् कर्णस् by the rule येन विधिस्तदन्तस्य। 1.1.72. But only the final letter is replaced because of अलोन्त्यस्य। 1.1.52)
5. कर्ण + र् (उँ gets the इत् संज्ञा by उपदेशेजनुनासिक इत्। 1.3.2 and it takes लोप by तस्य लोपः। 1.3.9)
6. कर्णः (रेफ gets विसर्ग आदेश by खरवसानयोर्विसर्जनीयः। 8.3.15, since it is a stop in the utterance and is not followed by any other word)
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