Today we will look at the form अनन्तम्  mAs from श्रीमद्भागवतम् 10.6.8.

बालग्रहस्तत्र विचिन्वती शिशून्यदृच्छया नन्दगृहेऽसदन्तकम् । बालं प्रतिच्छन्ननिजोरुतेजसं ददर्श तल्पेऽग्निमिवाहितं भसि ।। १०-६-७ ।।
विबुध्य तां बालकमारिकाग्रहं चराचरात्मा स निमीलितेक्षणः । अनन्तमारोपयदङ्कमन्तकं यथोरगं सुप्तमबुद्धिरज्जुधीः ।। १०-६-८ ।।

श्रीधर-स्वामि-टीका
बालग्रहः पूतना असदन्तकं बालं ददर्श । असतामन्तकं दृष्ट्वा कथं न बिभेति तत्राह । प्रतिच्छन्ननिजोरुतेजसम्, बालनाट्येन प्रतिच्छन्नं तिरोहितं निजमुरु तेजो येन तम् । कमिव । भसि भस्मन्याहितमग्निमिवेति ।। ७ ।। चराचरात्मत्वादेव तां विबुध्य निमीलितेक्षण आस । स्वयमनन्तं दुष्टानामन्तकं बालं मत्वा सा अङ्कमारोपयत् । यथोरगं सुप्तमबुद्धिश्चासौ रज्जुधीश्च सोऽज्ञानतो रज्जुबुद्ध्या गृह्णाति तद्वत् ।। ८ ।।

Gita Press translation – Hunting for infants and propelled by Providence, Pūtanā (lit., an evil spirit seizing infants and causing their death) saw lying in that palace of Nanda, the Babe (Śrī Kṛṣṇa), the Destroyer of the wicked, with His immeasurable glory veiled, like fire buried under ashes (7). Recognizing her to be an evil spirit given to the destruction of infants, Śrī Kṛṣṇa (the Soul of the mobile and immobile creation) lay with His eyes utterly closed. She placed the infinite Lord, her very death, in her lap (even) as an ignorant man would a sleeping serpent, mistaking it for a rope (8).

(1) अविद्यमानोऽन्तो यस्य स: = अनन्त: (भगवान्) – He (the Lord) whose end does not exist.
Note: The लौकिक-विग्रह: for the compound अनन्त: may also be stated as नास्त्यन्तो यस्य स:।

(2) अविद्यमान सुँ + अन्त सुँ । By 2-2-24 अनेकमन्यपदार्थे – Two or more terms having the designation पदम् and ending in the nominative case may optionally compound to yield a बहुव्रीहि: compound provided the terms are employed to denote the sense of another पदम् (which is not part of the compound.)
Note: The compound ‘अविद्यमान’ (which is the prior member of the बहुव्रीहि: compound) is a तत्पुरुष: compound formed using the सूत्रम् 2-2-6 नञ्‌। The elision of the letter ‘न्’ is done by the सूत्रम् 6-3-73 नलोपो नञः।

(3) By 1-2-43 प्रथमानिर्दिष्टं समास उपसर्जनम् – the term ‘अविद्यमान सुँ’ as well as ‘अन्त सुँ’ gets the designation उपसर्जनम् because in the सूत्रम् 2-2-24 अनेकमन्यपदार्थे (which prescribes the compounding) the term अनेकम् ends in the nominative case. And hence 2-2-30 cannot help us in deciding which term to place in the prior position in the compound.

The adjective ‘अविद्यमान सुँ’ is placed in the prior position in the compound as per the सूत्रम् 2-2-35 सप्तमीविशेषणे बहुव्रीहौ – In a बहुव्रीहि: compound the पदम् which ends in a seventh case affix or is an adjective takes the prior position.
Note: ‘अविद्यमान सुँ + अन्त सुँ’ gets the designation प्रातिपदिकम्‌ by 1-2-46 कृत्तद्धितसमासाश्च। This allows 2-4-71 to apply in the next step.

(4) अविद्यमान + अन्त । By 2-4-71 सुपो धातुप्रातिपदिकयोः – A सुँप् affix takes a लुक् elision when it is a part of a धातुः or a प्रातिपदिकम्।

(5) अ + अन्त । By वार्तिकम् (under 2-2-24 अनेकमन्यपदार्थे) नञोऽस्त्यर्थानां वाच्यो वा चोत्तरपदलोपः – A compound पदम् in which the negation particle नञ् is followed by a उत्तर-पदम् (final member) that denotes the sense of ‘exists’ optionally drops this उत्तर-पदम् when it combines with another पदम् to yield a बहुव्रीहि: compound.

See question 2.

Note: Compounding is already prescribed by the सूत्रम् 2-2-24 itself. It is only for the elision of the उत्तरपदम् (of the compound पूर्वपदम्) that this वार्तिकम् is necessary.

(6) अ + नुँट् अन्त । By 6-3-74 तस्मान्नुडचि – When preceded by the particle नञ्‌ whose letter ‘न्’ has been elided (by the prior सूत्रम् 6-3-73 नलोपो नञः), a final member (of a compound) which begins with a vowel takes the augment नुँट्।
Note: As per the परिभाषा ‘उभयनिर्देशे पञ्चमीनिर्देशो बलीयान्’ the fifth case affix used in तस्मात् has greater force than the seventh case affix used in अचि। Hence the operation (of attaching the augment नुँट्) takes place on the उत्तरपदम् and not on the particle नञ्‌।
Note: As per the परिभाषा-सूत्रम् 1-1-46 आद्यन्तौ टकितौ the augment नुँट् attaches at the beginning of the final member (of a compound) which begins with a vowel.

(7) अ + न् अन्त । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत्, 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम् and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

= अनन्त ।

The gender of a बहुव्रीहि: compound matches that of which it qualifies. In the present example ‘श्रीकृष्ण’ is being qualified. Hence we assign the masculine gender to the compound प्रातिपदिकम् ‘अनन्त’। It declines like राम-शब्द:।

The विवक्षा is द्वितीया-एकवचनम्।

(8) अनन्त + अम् । By 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टाभ्याम्भिस्ङेभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप्‌।
Note: 1-3-4 न विभक्तौ तुस्माः prevents the ending letter ‘म्’ of the affix ‘अम्’ from getting इत्-सञ्ज्ञा।

(9) अनन्तम् । By 6-1-107 अमि पूर्वः – In place of a preceding अक् letter and the following vowel (अच्) belonging to the affix ‘अम्’ there is a single substitute of that preceding अक् letter.

Questions:

1. In the first verse of which Chapter of the गीता has the वार्तिकम् (under 2-2-24 अनेकमन्यपदार्थे) नञोऽस्त्यर्थानां वाच्यो वा चोत्तरपदलोपः (used in step 5) been used?

2. What is the alternate form for ‘अनन्त’?

3. Which कृत् affix is used to form the प्रातिपदिकम् ‘अन्तक’ (used as part of the compound ‘असदन्तक’ in the verses)?

4. What is the विग्रह: of the compound प्रतिच्छन्ननिजोरुतेजसम् (प्रातिपदिकम् ‘प्रतिच्छन्ननिजोरुतेजस्’, पुंलिङ्गे द्वितीया-एकवचनम्) used in the verses?

5. In which word in the verses has सम्प्रसारणम् taken place?

6. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“In Śrī Rāma’s kingdom all people were free of ailments.” Construct a बहुव्रीहि: compound for ‘one who has no ailments’ = न सन्ति रोगा यस्य स:।

Easy questions:

1. From which verbal root is the form आरोपयत् derived?

2. In which word in the commentary has the सूत्रम् 6-1-10 श्लौ been used?