Today we will look at the form मृणालगौरम् mAs from श्रीमद्भागवतम् 6.16.30.

मृणालगौरं शितिवाससं स्फुरत्किरीटकेयूरकटित्रकङ्कणम् । प्रसन्नवक्त्रारुणलोचनं वृतं ददर्श सिद्धेश्वरमण्डलैः प्रभुम् ।। ६-१६-३० ।।
तद्दर्शनध्वस्तसमस्तकिल्बिषः स्वच्छामलान्तःकरणोऽभ्ययान्मुनिः । प्रवृद्धभक्त्या प्रणयाश्रुलोचनः प्रहृष्टरोमानमदादिपुरुषम् ।। ६-१६-३१ ।।

श्रीधर-स्वामि-टीका
मृणालवद्गौरम् । शितिवाससं नीलाम्बरम् । स्फुरन्ति किरीटादीनि यस्य । कटित्रं कटिसूत्रम् । प्रसन्नानि वक्त्राणि यस्य । अरुणानि लोचनानि यस्य तं च तं च ।। ३० ।। दृष्ट्वा च तमादिपूरुषमभ्ययाच्छरणं गतः । अनमन्ननाम । कथंभूतः । तस्य दर्शनेन ध्वस्तं समस्तं किल्बिषं यस्य । स्वच्छममलं चान्तःकरणं यस्य । प्रणयेनाश्रुयुक्ते लोचने यस्य । प्रहृष्टानि रोमाणि यस्य सः ।। ३१ ।।

Gita Press Translation – He saw the Lord in a form white as a lotus fiber, clad in blue and adorned with a brilliant diadem, armlets, griddle and wristlets, marked with a cheerful countenance and reddish eyes and surrounded by rings of Siddheśwaras (the chief among those who have attained perfection) (30). All his sins having been wiped out by the (very) sight of the Lord, and his mind clear and rid of all impurities, Citraketu silently approached the most ancient Person with intensified devotion; and with tears of love in his eyes and hair standing on end, he bowed to Him (31).

(1) मृणाल इव गौर: = मृणालगौरः – white as a lotus fiber.

अलौकिक-विग्रह: –
(2) मृणाल सुँ + गौर सुँ । As per 2-1-55 उपमानानि सामान्यवचनैः – सुबन्तानि (ending in a सुँप् affix) पदानि which denote a standard of comparison optionally compound with सुबन्तानि (ending in a सुँप् affix) पदानि which have denoted the common attribute – provided both the सुबन्त-पदे refer to the same item – and the resulting compound is a तत्पुरुष:।
Note: उपमीयते येन तदुपमानम् – That to which something is compared is called उपमानम् – the standard of comparison.
Note: ये शब्दा: पूर्वं साधारणधर्ममुक्त्वाधुना तद्वति द्रव्ये वर्तन्ते ते सामान्यवचना इत्युच्यन्ते – Those words which having previously described a common attribute, presently denote the thing/substance which possesses that common attribute are known as सामान्यवचना:।

(3) As per 1-2-43 प्रथमानिर्दिष्टं समास उपसर्जनम् the term ‘मृणाल सुँ’ – which denotes a standard of comparison – gets the designation उपसर्जनम् because in the सूत्रम् 2-1-55 (which prescribes the compounding) the term उपमानानि ends in the nominative case. And hence the term ‘मृणाल सुँ’ is placed in the prior position in the compound as per the सूत्रम् 2-2-30 उपसर्जनं पूर्वम्‌ – In a compound a term which has the designation ‘उपसर्जन’ should be placed in the prior position.
Note: ‘मृणाल सुँ + गौर सुँ’ gets the designation प्रातिपदिकम्‌ by 1-2-46 कृत्तद्धितसमासाश्च। This allows 2-4-71 to apply in the next step.

(4) मृणाल + गौर । By 2-4-71 सुपो धातुप्रातिपदिकयोः – A सुँप् affix takes a लुक् elision when it is a part of a धातुः or a प्रातिपदिकम्।

= मृणालगौर ।

As per the सूत्रम् 2-4-26 परवल्लिङ्गं द्वन्द्वतत्पुरुषयोः, the compound प्रातिपदिकम् ‘मृणालगौर’ is masculine since the latter member ‘गौर’ of the compound is used here in the masculine. The compound declines like राम-शब्द:।

The विवक्षा is द्वितीया-एकवचनम्। The compound is qualifying प्रभुम् (the Lord.)

(5) मृणालगौर + अम् । By 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टाभ्याम्भिस्ङेभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप्‌।
Note: 1-3-4 न विभक्तौ तुस्माः prevents the ending letter ‘म्’ of the affix ‘अम्’ from getting इत्-सञ्ज्ञा।

(6) मृणालगौरम् । By 6-1-107 अमि पूर्वः – In place of a preceding अक् letter and the following vowel (अच्) belonging to the affix ‘अम्’ there is a single substitute of that preceding अक् letter.

Questions:

1. Which सूत्रम् prescribes the affix ल्युट् used to form the प्रातिपदिकम् ‘लोचन’ (which is part of the compounds प्रसन्नवक्त्रारुणलोचनम् and प्रणयाश्रुलोचनः used in the verses)?

2. What is the विग्रह-वाक्यम् of the compound ‘सिद्धेश्वरमण्डल’ (used in the form सिद्धेश्वरमण्डलैः (तृतीया-बहुवचनम्) in the verses)? Hint: First construct the षष्ठी-समास: ‘सिद्धेश्वर’ and use that to construct the final षष्ठी-समास: ‘सिद्धेश्वरमण्डल’।

3. From which verbal root is the participle ‘सन्न’ (used in the compound प्रसन्नवक्त्रारुणलोचनम् in the verses) formed?

4. In which word in the commentary has the सूत्रम् 6-4-24 अनिदितां हल उपधायाः क्ङिति been used?

5. In which sense has a third case affix been used in the form प्रणयेन in the commentary?
i) कर्तरि
ii) करणे
iii) हेतौ
iv) None of the above.

6. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“When Śrī Rāma returned from the forest, the citizens of Ayodhyā rejoiced seeing (having seen) again his countenance (which was as) beautiful as the moon.” Use the verbal root √वृत् (वृतुँ वर्तने १. ८६२) preceded by the उपसर्ग: ‘नि’ for ‘to return.’ Use the masculine प्रातिपदिकम् ‘पौर’ for ‘citizen.’ Use the verbal root √हृष् (हृषँ तुष्टौ ४.१४२) preceded by the उपसर्ग: ‘प्र’ for ‘to rejoice.’ Construct a कर्मधारय: compound for ‘beautiful as the moon’ = सोम इव सुन्दरम्।

Easy questions:

1. In which word in the verses has the substitution ‘णल्’ (in place of the affix ‘तिप्’) been used?

2. In the verses can you spot two places where the सूत्रम् 6-4-71 लुङ्लङ्लृङ्क्ष्वडुदात्तः has been used?