Today we will look at the form तृणबिन्दोः m-Ab-s from रघुवंशम् verse 8-79.

चरतः किल दुश्चरं तपस्तृणबिन्दोः परिशङ्कितः पुरा ।
प्रजिघाय समाधिभेदिनीं हरिरस्मै हरिणीं सुराङ्गनाम् ॥ ८-७९ ॥

टीका – पुरा किल दुश्चरं तीव्रं तपश्चरतस्तृणबिन्दोः तृणबिन्दुनामकात्कस्माच्चिदृषेः परिशङ्कितः भीतः । कर्तरि क्तः । ‘1-4-25 भीत्रार्थानां भयहेतुः’ इत्यपादानात्पञ्चमी । हरिः इन्द्रः समाधिभेदिनीं तपोविघातिनीं हरिणीं नाम सुराङ्गनामस्मै तृणबिन्दवे प्रजिघाय प्रेरितवान् ।।

Translation – It is reported that, in days of yore, Indra, afraid of Tṛṇabindu who was practicing a rigorous penance, sent to him a celestial damsel [called] Hariṇī capable of disturbing [to disturb] his concentration of mind.

तृणबिन्दोः is पञ्चमी-एकवचनम् of the पुंलिङ्ग-प्रातिपदिकम् ‘तृणबिन्दु’।

(1) तृणबिन्दु + ङसिँ । By 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टाभ्याम्भिस्ङेभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिँभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप्। As per the 1-4-25 भीत्रार्थानां भयहेतुः – When a verbal root having the meaning of भयम् (fear) or त्राणम् (protection) is used, the कारकम् (participant in the action) which denotes the cause of the fear is designated as अपादानम्। By 2-3-28 अपादाने पञ्चमी – A fifth case affix (‘ङसिँ’, ‘भ्याम्’, ‘भ्यस्’) is used to denote the अपादानम् (that from which detachment/ablation takes place) provided it has not been expressed otherwise.

‘तृणबिन्दु’ gets the घि-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-4-7 शेषो घ्यसखि – When a short ‘इ’ ending or short ‘उ’ ending term – except for ‘सखि’ – does not have the नदी-सञ्ज्ञा then it gets the घि-सञ्ज्ञा।

(2) तृणबिन्दु + अस् । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत्, 1-3-8 लशक्वतद्धिते and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(3) तृणबिन्दो + अस् । By 7-3-111 घेर्ङिति – When a ङित् सुँप् affix follows, then an अङ्गम् having the घि-सञ्ज्ञा takes the गुण: substitution. Note: As per 1-1-52 अलोऽन्त्यस्य the गुण: substitution takes the place of only the ending letter (in this case ‘उ’) of the अङ्गम् ‘तृणबिन्दु’।

(4) तृणबिन्दोस् । By 6-1-110 ङसिँङसोश्च – In place of a preceding एङ् (‘ए’, ‘ओ’) letter and the following short ‘अ’ of the affix ‘ङसिँ’ or ‘ङस्’, there is a single substitute of the former (एङ् letter.)

(5) तृणबिन्दोः । रुँत्व-विसर्गौ by 8-2-66 ससजुषो रुः and 8-3-15 खरवसानयोर्विसर्जनीयः।

Questions:

1. Which सूत्रम् justifies the use of a fourth case affix in the from अस्मै used in the verse?

2. Can you spot the affix खल् in the verse?

3. Where has the सूत्रम् 3-2-78 सुप्यजातौ णिनिस्ताच्छील्ये been used in the verse? Where has it been used in the commentary?

4. Which कृत् affix is used to construct the form प्रेरितवान् used in the commentary?

5. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“Everyone is afraid of death.”

6. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“In (my) childhood I was afraid of snakes.” Use the neuter प्रातिपदिकम् ‘बाल्य’ for ‘childhood.’

Advanced question:

1. Derive the form प्रजिघाय। Note: You will need to use the following सूत्रम् (which we have not studied yet) – 7-3-56 हेरचङि। वृत्ति: – अभ्यासात्परस्य हिनोतेर्हस्य कुत्वं स्यान्न तु चङि – The letter ‘ह्’ of the verbal root √हि (हि गतौ वृद्धौ च ५.१२) takes a letter of the कवर्ग: when it follows a अभ्यास: (ref. 6-1-4 पूर्वोऽभ्यासः)। Note: As per 1-1-50 स्थानेऽन्तरतमः, the closest substitute from the कवर्ग: for the letter ‘ह्’ is the letter ‘घ्’।

Easy question:

1. Where has the सूत्रम् 7-2-113 हलि लोपः been used in the verse?