Today we will look at the form विवेकनिपुणाः mNp from श्रीमद्भागवतम् 11.24.2.

आसीज्ज्ञानमथो अर्थ एकमेवाविकल्पितम् । यदा विवेकनिपुणा आदौ कृतयुगेऽयुगे ।। ११-२४-२ ।।
तन्मायाफलरूपेण केवलं निर्विकल्पितम् । वाङ्मनोऽगोचरं सत्यं द्विधा समभवद्‍बृहत् ।। ११-२४-३ ।।

श्रीधर-स्वामि-टीका
अथोशब्दः कार्त्स्न्ये । ज्ञानं द्रष्टा तेन दृश्यः कृत्स्नोऽप्यर्थश्चाविकल्पितम् । विकल्पशून्यमेकमेव । ब्रह्मण्येव लीनमासीदित्यर्थः । कदेत्यपेक्षायामाह – अयुगे युगेभ्यः पूर्वम्, प्रलय इत्यर्थः । तथा आदौ यत्कृतयुगं तस्मिंश्चान्यदापि यदा विवेकनिपुणा जना भवन्ति तदापि तेषां भेदास्फूर्तेः ।। २ ।। तद्‍बृहद्ब्रह्म वाङ्मनोऽगोचरं यथा भवति तथा माया दृश्यं फलं तत्प्रकाशस्तद्रूपेण मायाविलासरूपेण वा द्विधाभूत् ।। ३ ।।

Translation – During the period of final dissolution (before the Yugas began to run their course), in the very first Satya Yuga (at the beginning of creation) and whenever there are men shrewd of judgement, (in their eyes too) the subjective consciousness (in the shape of the seer) as well as the entire objective existence was one absolutely undifferentiated substance (Brahma) indeed (2). That absolute undifferentiated reality, Brahma (the Infinite), which is beyond the ken of speech and the mind, became dual (as it were) in the shape of Māyā (objective existence) and that which is reflected in it (viz., the Jīva or the seer) (3).

(1) विवेके निपुणः = विवेकनिपुणः – shrewd of (in) judgment.

अलौकिक-विग्रह: –
(2) विवेक ङि + निपुण सुँ । By 2-1-40 सप्तमी शौण्डैः – A पदम् ending in a seventh case affix optionally compounds with a (syntactically related) पदम् composed by adding a सुँप् affix to ‘शौण्ड’ etc and the resulting compound gets the designation तत्पुरुष:।
Note: The शौण्डादि-गण: is listed in the गणपाठ: as follows – शौण्ड। धूर्त। कितव। व्याड। प्रवीण। संवीत। अन्तर्। अधि। पटु। पण्डित। कुशल। चपल। निपुण।

See question 1.

(3) By 1-2-43 प्रथमानिर्दिष्टं समास उपसर्जनम् – the term ‘विवेक ङि’ gets the designation उपसर्जनम् because in the सूत्रम् 2-1-40 (which prescribes the compounding) the term सप्तमी ends in the nominative case. Hence ‘विवेक ङि’ is placed in the prior position in the compound as per the सूत्रम् 2-2-30 उपसर्जनं पूर्वम्‌ – In a compound a term which has the designation ‘उपसर्जन’ should be placed in the prior position.

Note: ‘विवेक ङि + निपुण सुँ’ gets the designation प्रातिपदिकम्‌ by 1-2-46 कृत्तद्धितसमासाश्च। This allows 2-4-71 to apply in the next step.

(4) विवेक + निपुण । By 2-4-71 सुपो धातुप्रातिपदिकयोः – A सुँप् affix takes a लुक् elision when it is a part of a धातुः or a प्रातिपदिकम्।

= विवेकनिपुण ।

Note: As per the सूत्रम् 2-4-26 परवल्लिङ्गं द्वन्द्वतत्पुरुषयोः, the compound प्रातिपदिकम् ‘विवेकनिपुण’ is masculine since the latter member ‘निपुण’ of the compound is used in the masculine here. (As shown in the commentary, the compound ‘विवेकनिपुण’ is qualifying the masculine noun ‘जन’।) The compound declines like राम-शब्द:।

The विवक्षा is प्रथमा-बहुवचनम्।

(5) विवेकनिपुण + जस् । By 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टाभ्याम्भिस्ङेभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिँभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप्।

(6) विवेकनिपुण + अस् । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-7 चुटू and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः। 1-3-4 न विभक्तौ तुस्माः prevents the ending letter ‘स्’ of ‘जस्’ from getting इत्-सञ्ज्ञा।

(7) विवेकनिपुणास् । 6-1-102 प्रथमयो: पूर्वसवर्ण: – When an अक् letter is followed by a vowel (अच्) of the first (nominative) or second (accusative) case then for the two of them (अक् + अच्) there is a single substitute which is the elongated form of the first member (the अक् letter.)

(8) विवेकनिपुणाः । रुँत्व-विसर्गौ by 8-2-66 ससजुषो रुः and 8-3-15 खरवसानयोर्विसर्जनीयः।

Questions:

1. The वृत्ति: of the सूत्रम् 2-1-40 सप्तमी शौण्डैः (used in step 2) says – सप्तम्यन्तं शौण्डादिभि: सुबन्तै: सह वा समस्यते स तत्पुरुष:। Commenting on this the तत्त्वबोधिनी says – बहुवचननिर्देशाद्गणपाठसामर्थ्याच्च आद्यर्थावगति:। Please explain.

2. Which सूत्रम् prescribes the substitution ‘क्’ in the formation of the masculine प्रातिपदिकम् ‘विवेक’ (used as part of the compound ‘विवेकनिपुण’)?

3. Can you spot the affix ‘ल्युट्’ in the verses?

4. Where has the सूत्रम् 8-2-44 ल्वादिभ्यः been used in the commentary?

5. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“In India even today there are many people who are proficient in grammar.” Use the adjective प्रातिपदिकम् ‘पण्डित’ for ‘proficient.’ Form a compound for ‘proficient in grammar.’

6. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“My brother is a skilled musician.” Paraphrase to “My brother is skilled in music.” Use the adjective प्रातिपदिकम् ‘प्रवीण’ for ‘skilled’ and the neuter noun ‘संगीत’ for ‘music.’ Form a compound for ‘skilled in music.’

Easy questions:

1. Why doesn’t the सूत्रम् 6-1-109 एङः पदान्तादति apply between अथो + अर्थ:?

2. In the commentary can you spot a word in which the affix ‘सिँच्’ has taken the लुक् elision?