Today we will look at the formation of स्त्रियौ fNd used in verse 3.27.1 योगवासिष्ठः।
तस्मिन् गिरितटे ग्रामे तस्य मण्डपकोटरे ।
अन्तर्धिमाश्वाययतुस्तत्रस्थे एव ते स्त्रियौ ।।
‘स्त्री’ ends in the feminine affix ‘ङीप्’। Therefore by 4-1-1 ङ्याप्प्रातिपदिकात् we can add प्रत्ययाः ‘सुँ’, ‘औ’, ‘जस्’ etc. after it. The विवक्षा here is प्रथमा विभक्तिः, द्विवचनम्।
(1) स्त्री + औ । By 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टाभ्याम्भिस्ङेभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप्।
(2) स्त्र् इयँङ् + औ । By 6-4-79 स्त्रियाः – There is a substitution of ‘इयँङ्’ in place of the term ‘स्त्री’ when followed by an affix beginning with a vowel. Note: As per 1-1-53 ङिच्च only the ending letter ‘ई’ of ‘स्त्री’ is replaced by ‘इयँङ्’।
(3) स्त्र् इय् + औ । अनुबन्ध-लोप: (elision of the इत् letters) by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत्, 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम् and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।
= स्त्रियौ ।
Questions:
1. In the श्लोक: why has no सन्धि: been done between तत्रस्थे + एव?
2. Which rule would have applied in step 2 if we did not have the rule 6-4-79 स्त्रियाः ?
Questions:
1. In the श्लोक: why has no सन्धि: been done between तत्रस्थे + एव?
Answer: तत्रस्थे is स्त्रीलिङ्गे प्रथमा-द्विवचनम् of the प्रातिपदिकम् ‘तत्रस्था’। The letter ‘ए’ at the end of तत्रस्थे gets प्रगृह्य-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-1-11 ईदूदेद्द्विवचनं प्रगृह्यम् – A dual number affix ending in the letter ‘ई’, ‘ऊ’ or ‘ए’ gets the designation ‘प्रगृह्य’। Then there is no सन्धि-कार्यम् between the ending letter ‘ए’ of तत्रस्थे and the following अच् (which is the letter ‘ए’ at the beginning of एव) due to 6-1-125 प्लुतप्रगृह्या अचि – Vowels having the प्रगृह्य-सञ्ज्ञा retain their natural state when followed by a vowel. (This means that no सन्धि-कार्याणि are performed.)
2. Which rule would have applied in step 2 if we did not have the rule 6-4-79 स्त्रियाः?
Answer: In the absence of the सूत्रम् 6-4-79 स्त्रियाः, 6-1-77 इको यणचि would apply to give the undesired form स्त्र्यौ । Note: 6-1-102 प्रथमयोः पूर्वसवर्णः cannot apply because it is blocked by 6-1-105 दीर्घाज्जसि च।