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Daily Archives: July 24, 2014

मलयात् m-Ab-s

Today we will look at the form मलयात् m-Ab-s from रघुवंशम् verse 13-2.

वैदेहि पश्या मलयाद्विभक्तं मत्सेतुना फेनिलमम्बुराशिम् ।
छायापथेनेव शरत्प्रसन्नमाकाशमाविष्कृतचारुतारम् ॥ 13-2॥

टीका हे वैदेहि, सीते, आ मलयाद् मलयपर्यन्तम् । ‘2-3-10 पञ्चम्यपाङ्परिभिः’ इति पञ्चमी । पदद्वयं चैतत् । मत्सेतुना विभक्तं द्विधाकृतम् । अत्यायतसेतुनेत्यर्थः । हर्षाधिक्याच्च मद्ग्रहणम् । फेनिलं फेनवन्तम् । ‘5-2-99 फेनादिलच् च’ इतीलच्प्रत्ययः । क्षिप्रकारी चायमिति भावः । अम्बुराशिम्छायापथेन विभक्तं शरत्प्रसन्नमाकाशमाविष्कृतचारुतारम्आकाशमिव पश्य । मम महानयं प्रयासस्त्वदर्थ इति हृदयम् । छायापथो नाम – ज्योतिश्चक्रमध्यवर्ती कश्चित्तिरश्चीनोऽवकाशः ।

Translation – ‘O Princess of Videha, look at the foamy ocean [mass of waters] divided by my bridge [right] up to the Malaya [mountain], like the sky [divided] by the milky way, clear in the autumnal season [and] with the charming stars brought to view.

मलयात् is पञ्चमी-एकवचनम् of the (compound) पुंलिङ्ग-प्रातिपदिकम् ‘मलय’।

(1) मलय + ङसिँ । By 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टाभ्याम्भिस्ङेभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिँभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप्। As per 2-3-10 पञ्चम्यपाङ्परिभिः – A fifth case affix (‘ङसिँ’, ‘भ्याम्’, ‘भ्यस्’) is used following a प्रातिपदिकम् (nominal stem) co-occurring with ‘अप’/’परि’/’आङ्’ used as a कर्मप्रवचनीय:। In the present example ‘मलय’ is co-occurring with ‘आङ्’ which has the designation कर्मप्रवचनीय: here as per 1-4-89 आङ् मर्यादावचने – The term ‘आङ्’ gets the designation कर्मप्रवचनीय: when used in the meaning of ‘up to (but excluding) a limit.’ Note: The ending consonant ‘ङ्’ of ‘आङ्’ is a इत् as per 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम् and is elided by 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः
Note: वचनग्रहणादभिविधावपि – The mention of ‘वचन’ in the सूत्रम् tells us that ‘आङ्’ gets the designation कर्मप्रवचनीय: even when used in the meaning of अभिविधौ – ‘up to (and including) a limit.’
Note: विना तेनेति मर्यादा – ‘up to (but excluding) a limit’ is termed as मर्यादा। सह तेनेत्यभिविधि: – ‘up to (and including) a limit’ is termed as अभिविधि:।

(2) मलय + आत् । By 7-1-12 टाङसिङसामिनात्स्याः – Following a अङ्गम् ending in the letter ‘अ’, the affixes ‘टा’, ‘ङसिँ’ and ‘ङस्’ are replaced respectively by ‘इन’, ‘आत्’ and ‘स्य’। Note: Since the substitute ‘आत्’ has more than one letter, as per the परिभाषा-सूत्रम् 1-1-55 अनेकाल्शित्सर्वस्य, the entire affix (and not just its last letter) is replaced by ‘आत्’।
1-3-4 न विभक्तौ तुस्माः prevents the ending letter ‘त्’ of ‘आत्’ from getting the इत्-सञ्ज्ञा।

(3) मलयात् । By 6-1-101 अकः सवर्णे दीर्घः

Questions:

1. Which सूत्रम् justifies the use of a third case affix in मत्सेतुना and छायापथेन?

2. From which verbal root is the प्रातिपदिकम् ‘प्रसन्न’ (used in the compound शरत्प्रसन्नम् in the verse) derived?

3. Which कृत् affix is used to derive the प्रातिपदिकम् ‘ग्रहण’ (used in the compound मद्ग्रहणम् in the commentary)?

4. Can you spot two places in the commentary where the सूत्रम् 3-2-78 सुप्यजातौ णिनिस्ताच्छील्ये has been used?

5. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“I have studied the Aṣṭādhyāyī up to the sixth chapter.” Use the adjective प्रातिपदिकम् ‘षष्ठ’ for ‘sixth.’

6. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“Dhṛtarāṣṭra was blind from birth.”

Easy questions:

1. Where has the सूत्रम् 6-4-105 अतो हेः been used in the verse?

2. Which सूत्रम् prescribes the substitution ‘ए’ in the form (हे) सीते?

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