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Daily Archives: July 17, 2014

कबन्धेभ्यः m-Ab-p

Today we will look at the form कबन्धेभ्यः m-Ab-p from रघुवंशम् verse 12-49.

तस्मिन्रामशरोत्कृत्ते बले महति रक्षसाम् । उत्थितं ददृशेऽन्यच्च कबन्धेभ्यो न किंचन ॥ 12-49॥

टीका – तस्मिन् रामशरैरुत्कृत्ते छिन्ने [रामशरोत्कृत्ते] महति रक्षसां बले उत्थितम् उत्थानक्रियाविशिष्टं प्राणिनां कबन्धेभ्यः शिरोहीनशरीरेभ्यः । ‘कबन्धोऽस्त्री क्रियायुक्तमपमूर्धकलेवरम्’ (2.9.18) इत्यमरः । अन्यत् च अन्यत् किंचन न ददृशे । कबन्धेभ्यः इत्यत्र ‘2-3-29 अन्यारादितरर्तेदिक्‌छब्दाञ्चूत्तरपदाजाहियुक्ते’ इति पञ्चमी । निःशेषं हतमित्यर्थः ।।

Translation – In that huge army of the demons, cut off by Rāma’s arrows, nothing else than head-less trunks was seen standing.

कबन्धेभ्यः is पञ्चमी-बहुवचनम् of the पुंलिङ्ग-प्रातिपदिकम् ‘कबन्ध’। (Note: ‘कबन्ध’ is also used नपुंसकलिङ्गे)।

(1) कबन्ध + भ्यस् । By 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टाभ्याम्भिस्ङेभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिँभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप्। As per the सूत्रम् 2-3-29 अन्यारादितरर्तेदिक्‌छब्दाञ्चूत्तरपदाजाहियुक्ते – A fifth case affix (‘ङसिँ’, ‘भ्याम्’, ‘भ्यस्’) is used following a प्रातिपदिकम् (nominal stem) co-occurring with any one of the following:
i) ‘अन्य’ (other) or a synonym of ‘अन्य’
ii) ‘आरात्’ (far or near)
iii) ‘इतर’ (other) Note: इतरग्रहणं प्रपञ्चार्थम् । The mention of ‘इतर’ is only an elaboration since ‘इतर’ is a synonym of ‘अन्य’ already mentioned above
iv) ‘ऋते’ (without)
v) A word that denotes a direction (in space or time) even if it is a (compound) word ending in the verbal root √अञ्च् (अञ्चुँ गतिपूजनयोः १. २१५). Note: अञ्चूत्तरपदस्य दिक्शब्दत्वेऽपि ‘षष्ठ्यतसर्थ-’ इति षष्ठीं बाधितुं पृथग्ग्रहणम्। Why has पाणिनि: separately mentioned (compound) words ending in the verbal root √अञ्च् (अञ्चुँ गतिपूजनयोः १. २१५) when they are words which denote direction? The reason is to prevent the sixth case affix which would have been prescribed by 2-3-30 षष्ठ्यतसर्थप्रत्ययेन।
vi) A word that ends in the affix ‘आच्’ (ref. 5-3-36 दक्षिणादाच्)
vii) A word that ends in the affix ‘आहि’ (ref. 5-3-37 आहि च दूरे)

Note: 1-3-4 न विभक्तौ तुस्माः prevents the ending letter ‘स्’ of the affix ‘भ्यस्’ from getting the इत्-सञ्ज्ञा।

(2) कबन्धे + भ्यस् । By 7-3-103 बहुवचने झल्येत् – the ending letter ‘अ’ of a अङ्गम् changes to ‘ए’ when followed by a plural सुँप् affix beginning with a झल् letter.

(3) कबन्धेभ्य: । रुँत्व-विसर्गौ by 8-2-66 ससजुषो रुः and 8-3-15 खरवसानयोर्विसर्जनीयः

Questions:

1. Where has the सूत्रम् 2-3-29 अन्यारादितरर्तेदिक्‌छब्दाञ्चूत्तरपदाजाहियुक्ते (used in step 1) been used in the first twenty verses of Chapter Fourteen of the गीता?

2. Commenting on the the सूत्रम् 2-3-29 अन्यारादितरर्तेदिक्‌छब्दाञ्चूत्तरपदाजाहियुक्ते the सिद्धान्तकौमुदी says – अन्य इत्यर्थग्रहणम्। Please explain.

3. Where has the सूत्रम् 7-4-40 द्यतिस्यतिमास्थामित्ति किति been used in the verse?

4. Which सूत्रम् prescribes the substitution ‘न्’ in the form छिन्ने used in the commentary?

5. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“Yudhiṣṭhira did not speak anything other than the truth.”

6. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“Without Śrī Kṛṣṇa there is no happiness.”

Easy questions:

1. Which सूत्रम् prescribes the substitution ‘स्मिन्’ in the form तस्मिन्?

2. Where has the सूत्रम् 3-4-81 लिटस्तझयोरेशिरेच् been used in the verse?

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