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नश्वरम् nAs

Today we will look at the form नश्वरम् nAs from श्रीमद्भागवतम् 11.7.7.

त्वं तु सर्वं परित्यज्य स्नेहं स्वजनबन्धुषु । मय्यावेश्य मनः सम्यक्समदृग्विचरस्व गाम् ।। ११-७-६ ।।
यदिदं मनसा वाचा चक्षुर्भ्यां श्रवणादिभिः । नश्वरं गृह्यमाणं च विद्धि मायामनोमयम् ।। ११-७-७ ।।

श्रीधर-स्वामि-टीका
ननु गुणदोषाभ्यां विषमे लोके कुतः समदृष्टिः स्यामत आह – यदिदमिति । मनआदिभिर्गृह्यमाणं मनोमयत्वान्मायेति विद्धि । तदपि न स्थिरं, किंतु नश्वरं विद्धि ।। ७ ।।

Gita Press translation – Completely shaking off all attachment for your own people and kinsmen and fully concentrating your mind on Me, for your part, go you about the earth looking upon all with an equal eye (6). Whatever is being apprehended with the mind, speech, eyes, ears etc., know it to be a creation of the mind and therefore (merely) illusory and transient (7).

नश्यति तच्छीलम् = नश्वरम् ।

The प्रातिपदिकम् ‘नश्वर’ is derived from the verbal root √नश् (णशँ अदर्शने ४. ९१). The beginning णकार: of this verbal root is replaced by a नकार: as per 6-1-65 णो नः। The ending अकार: gets the इत्-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत् and takes लोप: by 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः

(1) नश् + क्वरप्‌ । By 3-2-163 इण्नश्जिसर्तिभ्यः क्वरप्‌ – To denote an agent who performs an action because of his nature/habit or sense of duty or skill, the affix ‘क्वरप्‌’ may be used following any one of the verbal roots listed below –
(i) √इ (इण् गतौ २. ४०)
(ii) √नश् (णशँ अदर्शने ४. ९१)
(iii) √जि (जि जये १. ६४२, जि अभिभवे १. १०९६)
(iv) √सृ (सृ गतौ १. १०८५)

(2) नश् + वर । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-8 लशक्वतद्धिते, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः। Note: The affix ‘वर’ is prohibited from taking the augment ‘इट्’ by 7-2-8 नेड् वशि कृति – A कृत् affix (ref. 3-1-93) beginning with a letter of the ‘वश्’ प्रत्याहार: is prohibited from taking the augment ‘इट्’।

= नश्वर ।

The विवक्षा is नपुंसकलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-एकवचनम्

(3) नश्वर + अम् । By 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टाभ्याम्भिस्ङेभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिँभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप्

(4) नश्वर + अम् । By 7-1-24 अतोऽम् – The affixes “सुँ” and “अम्” that follow a neuter अङ्गम् ending in the short vowel “अ” take “अम्” as their replacement. 1-3-4 न विभक्तौ तुस्माः prevents the ending मकारः of “अम्” from getting इत्-सञ्ज्ञा । Note: 7-1-24 अतोऽम् is required here to prevent 7-1-23 स्वमोर्नपुंसकात्‌ from applying.

(5) नश्वरम् । By 6-1-107 अमि पूर्वः – In place of a preceding अक् letter and the following vowel (अच्) belonging to the affix “अम्” there is a single substitute of that preceding अक् letter.

Questions:

1. Where has the verbal root √नश् (णशँ अदर्शने ४. ९१) been used for the last time in the गीता?

2. What would be the feminine equivalent of the प्रातिपदिकम् ‘नश्वर’?

3. Commenting on the सूत्रम् 7-2-8 नेड् वशि कृति (used in step 2) the काशिका says – कृतीति किम्? रुदिव:। Please explain.

4. Can you spot a आर्ष-प्रयोग: (irregular grammatical usage) in the verses?

5. Where has the सूत्रम् 7-2-82 आने मुक् been used in the verses?

6. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“All that is seen is perishable.”

Easy questions:

1. Where has the सूत्रम् 6-1-93 औतोऽम्शसोः been used in the verses?

2. Which सूत्रम् prescribes the अकार-लोप: (elision of ‘अ’) in the form स्याम् used in the commentary?

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