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तादृशानाम् mGp

Today we will look at the form तादृशानाम् from श्रीमद्भागवतम् SB 5-1- 2

न नूनं मुक्तसङ्गानां तादृशानां द्विजर्षभ ।
गृहेष्वभिनिवेशोऽयं पुंसां भवितुमर्हति ।। ५-१-२ ।।

Gita Press translation “Certainly it is not desirable, O chief of the Brāhmaṇas, that people like him, who are free from attachment, should get identified with their home in this way. “

First we derive the प्रातिपदिकम् “तादृश” from तद् (सर्वनाम-शब्दः) and the धातु: “दृश्” –

तद् + दृश् + कञ् । The कञ्-प्रत्यय: is ordained by 3-2-60 त्यदादिषु दृशोऽनालोचने कञ् च। By अनुबन्ध-लोपः the ककार:, and ञकार: are removed using 1-3-8 लशक्वतद्धिते, and 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम् along with 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः। The single letter अकार: remains.
= तद् + दृश् + अ = तद् + दृश
= त आ + दृश । By 6-3-91 आ सर्वनाम्नः, when दृश्, दृश or वतुँ follows, सर्वनाम-शब्दाः get आकारः as a replacement for their last letter.
= तादृश । By 6-1-101 अकः सवर्णे दीर्घः

Being an उपपद-समासः, by 1-2-46 कृत्तद्धितसमासाश्च, “तादृश” gets the प्रातिपदिक-सञ्ज्ञा and the सुँप्-प्रत्ययाः are ordained after it by 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टा…

The declension of “तादृश” is like that of the राम-शब्दः। The विवक्षा here षष्ठी-विभक्तिः बहुवचनम्।

(1) तादृश + आम् ।

(2) तादृश + नुँट् आम् । By 7-1-54 ह्रस्वनद्यापो नुट्, आम्-प्रत्ययः takes the augment नुँट् since the प्रातिपदिकम् “तादृश” ends in a short vowel. By the परिभाषा-सूत्रम् 1-1-46 आद्यन्तौ टकितौ, the नुँट्-आगम: will join at the beginning of “आम्”।

(3) तादृश + नाम् । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत्, 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम् and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः

(4) तादृशानाम् । By 6-4-3 नामि, the ending vowel of the अङ्गम् gets elongated since it is followed by the term “नाम्”।

Questions:

1. What is the significance of the term “च” in the सूत्रम् 3-2-60 त्यदादिषु दृशोऽनालोचने कञ् च?

2. In the word तादृशानाम् is there a निमित्तम् (cause) for the नकार: to change to a णकार:? If yes, then which intervening letter blocked the change?

3. Where is the प्रातिपदिकम् “इदम्” used in this verse?

4. Please list the fifteen synonyms for the word “गृहम्” (प्रातिपदिकम् “गृह” neuter, meaning “house”) as given in the अमरकोश:।
गृहं गेहोदवसितं वेश्म सद्म निकेतनम् ।।२-२-४।।
निशान्तवस्त्यसदनं भवनागारमन्दिरम् ।
गृहाः पुंसि च भूम्न्येव निकाय्यनिलयालयाः ।।२-२-५।।
(इति षोडष “गृहस्य” नामानि)

Note: “गृहाः पुंसि च भूम्न्येव” means that the प्रातिपदिकम् “गृह” can be used in the masculine only in the plural (भूम्नि एव = बहुत्वे एव)।

5. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“This fact was certainly not known by us.” Use an अव्ययम् from the verse for “certainly”, use the neuter प्रातिपदिकम् “तत्त्व” for “fact” and the adjective प्रातिपदिकम् “ज्ञात” for “was known.”

6. Where has सम्बुद्धि: been used in this verse?

7. What would have been the final form in this example if the क्विन्-प्रत्यय: had been used (instead of the कञ्-प्रत्यय:)?

8. In the first verse of which chapter of the गीता has the सूत्रम् 6-4-3 नामि been used?

Easy questions:

1. Why didn’t the ending मकार: of the आम्-प्रत्यय: get the इत्-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम् (and be subject to लोप: by 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः)?

2. Please do पदच्छेद: of गृहेष्वभिनिवेशोऽयम् and mention the relevant rules.

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